Complete the text with the words in the box
| a) packages b) pallets c) breakages d) warehouses e) palletization f) consignor g) tonnages h) consignees i) loading j) handling |
Cargo handling
Increased (7) …, speedier loading and discharging, fewer (8) … and lower handling costs—these are among the results achieved nowadays.
Before mechanization, much of the cargo was handled manually six or more times during the through-journey. Since the introduction of the unit load principle, manual handling of individual (9) … has been cut to a minimum. Now, most goods receive only two manual handlings and in some instances it has been eliminated altogether. This has proved an important factor. Damage caused by repeated (10) ... has been minimized.
Sorting and checking of cargo by individual marks to (11) …, previously a difficult problem has been simplified by…, because pallet loads consisting of the same (12) … mark can generally be made up at the point of assembly.
On the traffic routes of the future there will be less tolerance of the time lost and the damage incurred during transshipment and more goods will be transported as unbroken loads from … to consignee. Small items will be assembled on (13) … or in containers. At the docks they will be handled increasingly by fully mobile equipment. Ships will spend less time in ports: goods will flow more quickly through the transit sheds; more effective use will be made of the space available in the (14) ….
Some (15) …, adopt 'two methods of container utilization.
In the first, merchandise is pre-loaded in (16) … and dispatched to port of embarkation. Here containers, on their chassis, are parked in an area set aside for this purpose near the quayside.
Translate from English into Russian
17. Bilges serve for flowing the water condensated on metal bulkheads.
18. Tankers are used for carrying oil products.
19. Two lines on the hull serve for controlling the draught of the ship.
20. Ventilators are used for ventilating the hold space.
21. The holds arc divided into four compartments before loading cargoes.
22. The deck is covered with thick boards.
23. The bilges will be covered with special anticorrosion substances.
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