Образец выполнения 2 ( к упр. II )

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1. The changes affecting the composition of materials are called chemical changes.

Изменения, влияющие на состав материалов, называются химическими элементами.

Affecting – Participle I, определение.

2. When heated to the boiling point water evaporates.

Когда воду нагревают до точки кипения, она испаряется. (или: При нагревании до точки кипения вода испаряется.)

(When) heated - Participle II, обстоятельство.

3. Heat is radiated by the Sun to the Earth.

Тепло излучается Солнцем на Землю.

Radiated - Participle II, составная часть видовременной формы Present Indefinite Passive от глагола radiate.

Вариант 1

I . Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол - сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В двух последних предложениях данного задания обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

1.Today scientists are still looking for the substance as a source of energy.

2.The Mendeleyev system has served for almost 100 years as a key to discovering new elements.

3. Synthetic rubber products were developed between 1914 and the 1930s.

4. The intensity of this process is influenced by many factors.

II . Перепишите предложения, подчеркнув в них Participle I и Participle II, и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, являются ли эти причастия определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Molecular crystals are solids constructed of molecules held together by relatively weak forces. 2. A body moving with a certain velocity carries within itself kinetic energy of motion. 3. While absorbing the energy of cosmic rays the upper atmosphere becomes radioactive. 4. Unless properly treated the metal must not be applied for space technology.

III . Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркнув в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Energy can exist in many forms and each form can be transformed into the other. 2.These metal parts had to be subjected to X-ray examination.
3. The chemists may use the reactor to analyse various substances.

IV . Прочитайте и устно переведите с 1-го по 3-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2-й и 3-й абзацы.

D. I. Mendeleyev ( 1834 - 1907 )

1. In 1964 thename of Mendeleyev was added to the list of thegreatest

geniuses - Euclid, Archimedes, Copernicus, Galilei, Newton. D.I.Mendeleyev, the explorer of nature, is the greatest chemist of the world. The Mendeleyev system has served for almost 100 years as a key to discovering new elements and it has retained its key capacity until now.

2.D.I.Mendeleyev was the fourteenth, and last child of the Director of the Gymnasium in Tobolsk. At 16 he was taken by his mother to St. Petersburg to get higher education. He entered the Pedagogical Institute where his father had also studied. In 1856 he took a degree in chemistry and in 1859 he was sent abroad for two years for further training. He returned to St. Petersburg in 1861 as Professor of Chemistry.

3.In 1868 Mendeleyev began to write a great textbook of chemistry known as the «Principles of Chemistry». He tried to find some system of classifying the elements. This led him to formulate the Periodic Law, which earned him lasting international fame. He presented it to the Russian Chemical Society in 1868 and published it in 1869.

4.In this paper he set out clearly his discovery that if the elements are arranged in order of their atomic weights, chemically related elements appear at regular intervals. The greatness of Mendeleyev's achievement lies in the fact that he had discovered a generalization that not only unified an enormous amount of existing information but pointed the way to further progress.

V . Прочитайте 4-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос:

What can you say about the greatness of Mendeleyev's discovery?

1.The greatness of Mendeleyev's achievement lies in the fact that his Periodic Table pointed the way to further progress in chemistry.

2.Mendeleyev had discovered several new elements.

3.Mendeleyev created the system of classifying chemical elements.

Вариант 2

1.Chemical science is successfully solving many complex problems.

2.Radio astronomy has given mankind efficient means for penetration into space.

3.Heat energy is transmitted in two different ways.

4.Edison's discovery was followed by an intensive research work.

II . Перепишите предложения, подчеркнув в них Participle I и Participle II, и установите функции каждого из них, т е укажите, являются ли эти причастия определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола- сказуемого Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. Nylon was the first synthetic fibre used in clothing. 2. The atoms forming our planet are built of negative electrons, positive protons and ordinary neutrons. 3 .This kind of treatment when used makes the metals heat – resistant. 4 .When passing through an electroscope, X-rays cause its discharge.

III . Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркнув в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. One object may be larger than another one, but it may weigh less.
2. Mass can also be defined as a measure of inertia. 3. Edison and his workers had to create a safe electric system

IV . Прочитайте и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2-й, 3-й, 4-й абзацы текста.

Thomas Alva Edison

1 .Most people know that Thomas Edison invented the first working light bulb (электрическая лампочка), but they don't know anything else about him. Edison had almost no school education, yet he invented over 1000 different things. Among Edison's inventions are: the phonograph (record player), the movie camera and the movie projector.

2 .Thomas Edison invented his electric light bulb in 1879, but there was still much work to do. No one knew how to use electricity outside of a laboratory before Thomas Edison. He and his workers had to create a safe electric system. First they had to build a factory. Then they had to build the dynamos (generators) to make the electricity.

3 .To show people that he was serious, Edison began his project in New York City. By 1887 much of New York City had electricity. Edison founded the Edison Electric Light Company and continued to supply electricity to New York and other places.

4 .Thomas Edison lived until 1931. He continued to invent all his life. After the War, he tried to invent a substitute for rubber because of the shortage that the war caused.

5 .Thomas Edison was a true genius, but he never went to a college or university. The only time Edison attended school was when he was seven years old. He stayed for three months and never returned. But famous and most honoured man.

V . Прочитайте 1-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос

What are Edison's inventions?

1 .Edison invented the first working light bulb.

2 .Among Edison's inventions are the phonograph, the movie camera, the movie projector.

3 .Thomas Edison invented electricity.

Вариант 3

I . Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол - сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык В двух последних предложениях данного задания обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкцию

1 .The reactor is fast becoming a major source of heat and electricity.
2. Scientists have found ways of measuring the sizes and positions of bodies m the Universe. 3. Elements are transformed into other elements both by man and by nature. 4. The launching of sputnik was followed by many achievements in science and engineering.

II . Перепишите предложения, подчеркнув в них Participle I и Participle II, и установите функции каждого из них, т. е. укажите, являются ли эти причастия определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Plastics articles are often difficult to repair if broken. 2. Speaking on this subject, mention should be made of high radiation intensity. 3. The methods of measurements developed lately differ greatly from the old ones 4. While making the experiment we made use of all the data available.

1. Laser light can be used to transmit power of various types.
2. Tsiolkovsky had to study higher mathematics, realizing that his knowledge was not enough. 3. A great number of plastics should find the application in electrical industry.

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