Ex.9. Speak on the topic: English as a world language.
Grammar Exercises
Ex. 1. Study the table and consult the Grammar Focus.( p.106)
Ex.2. Make the following questions indirect:
1. “What do you think of our canteen?”, I asked my cousin.
2. “When did you stop smoking?”, the nurse asked the patient.
3. “How much is the bus fare?”, my guest asked me.
4. “Why do people go in for sports?”, the boy asked his father.
5. “Who was this book written by?”, the teacher asked the student.
6. “How did Maria get to school today?”, the teacher asked.
7. “Does your friend live in London?”, I asked Boris.
8. I asked Tom : “Have you already had breakfast?”
9. I asked my sister: “Will you stay at home or go for a walk after dinner?”
10. I asked a young man: “Can you call a taxi for me?”
Ex.3. Report these sentences from direct into indirect speech.
1. “When I arrived in England I thought I knew English,” Mary said.
2. “Are those 500 words the average Englishmen uses enough for communication?” the tourist asked.
3. “Why do all foreigners have trouble in English speaking?” they wondered.
4. “The English grammar is simpler than in other languages but the spelling is difficult,” answered the guide.
5. “Two thousands years ago English did not exist,” said the guide.
Ex. 4. Write down six questions to ask you partner, starting with:
Are you…? Have you ever…? Did you…? How often do you…? Where…? What…?
- In pairs, ask and answer the questions. Write down the questions your partner asked you.
- Then form new pairs. Report the questions which your first partner asked you, and give your answers.
Ex. 5. Turn these reported questions into direct questions. Use you .
Model: “Where do you work?”, he asked her.
1. He asked where she worked.
2. She asked what his favorite sport was.
3. He asked if she heard the sports news.
4. She asked why he disliked his business partner.
5. She asked when he was going to participate in the conference.
Unit III
Customs, traditions and holidays
Ex. 1 Answer the questions:
1. What holidays of Ukrainian people can you name?
2. What’s your favorite holiday?
3. How do you celebrate it?
4. How do you congratulate your relatives and friends on holidays?
TEXT A
STATE HOLIDAYS OF UKRAINIAN PEOPLE.
Many historical events are of great importance for all countries throughout the world and almost every country has holidays honouring important events in its history. Each country has its own customs, traditions and holidays. The word “holidays” comes from the word "holy day". Holidays were the first religious festivals.
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As we live in Ukraine, we have our own customs, traditions, holidays and festivals. Talking about state holidays in Ukraine, we can't but mention Independence Day, which is marked on the 24th of August. On that day in 1991 Ukraine was proclaimed a sovereign state and since then this date has been widely celebrated as a national holiday. This holiday commemorates the freedom of Ukrainian people. The official meetings are held in the Verkhovna Rada, the Palace of Culture and official institutions to mark this event. Military parade takes place along the main street of the capital of Ukraine Kyiv to demonstrate the possibility to protect the independence of the state.
The 9th of May is Victory Day, the holiday celebrates the victory over the fascist invaders. People lay flowers at the war memorials commemorating the people who died in the war. There are commemorative meetings all over the country. War veterans are greeted and there is a firework display in the evening.
On the 8th of March we celebrate Women's Day. Nowadays this date has lost its political meaning and become just the day when we congratulate and thank our women for everything they do for us at home and at work. It is a nice spring holiday when men give presents and flowers to their wives, sweethearts, girl-friends, sisters and daughters. Children congratulate their mothers on this holiday, or send them holiday cards with best wishes. On this day men and boys do all the work about the house to show their love to their women.
June 28th, the day when the Constitution was put into effect, is now considered the Day of the Constitution of Ukraine. Since the French Revolution almost all countries (the UK is one exception) have adopted written constitutions. The new Constitution determined the fundamental laws of the Ukrainian state and laid down the system of government. It defines the relationships of the legislative, executive and judicial bodies to each other and to the citizens.
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New Yearis the most favorite holiday with most families. People usually get together, have a big dinner with a wide selection of tasty food and drinks. The children decorate the New Year tree with shining toys and colored lights. When the clock strikes twelve, everybody drinks champagne and says "Happy New Year!" to each other. This holiday wakes very special feelings of family and traditions.
In Ukraine holidays are days on which people enjoy relaxing, eating, drinking and making merry. It is a tradition to organize evening parties to celebrate holidays. We invite our relatives and close friends to the parties and everybody prepares seriously for them. Women cook their traditional dishes, men go shopping. The meal takes more than four hours and we spend a lot of time chatting about politics, jobs, family affairs, and gossiping. Some people enjoy dancing and singing. The parties are never boring and we recollect them long after.
NOTES:
| can’t but mention | не можна не згадати. |
| chat | дружня розмова |
| to chat | poзмовляти |
| fascist invaders | фашистські загарбники . |
| gossips | плітки |
| to gossip | пліткувати. |
| throughout the world | по всьому світу |
| commemorative meeting | урочиста, пам’ятна зустріч |
| it is customary | зазвичай |
Ex.2. Match the equivalents between the English and Ukrainian words and expressions.
1)firework display, 2) the possibility to protect, 3) throughout the year, 4) fascist invaders, 5) religious festivals, 6)to be of great importance,
7) to commemorate, 8) can’t but mention, 9) to be put into effect,
10) tasty food ,11)commemorativemeetings, 12) best wishes,13) to lay down the system of government, 14) to define, 15) to congratulate on.
1) урочиста зустріч, 2) поздоровляти з, 3) мати велику важливість,
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4) цілий рік, 5) вступати до сили, 6) встановлювати систему правління, 7) відмічати, 8) смачна їжа, 9) давати визначення,
10) можливість захищати, 11) релігійні свята, 12) фашистські загарбники, 13) найкращі побажання, 14) не можна не згадати,
15) феєрверк.
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