Listen and write the numerals (years) words
_______—The first kites were invented by the Chinese 11th Century — Oliver of Malmesbury, a Benedictine Monk, is the first person to fly for some distance (125 paces) with the aid of wings.
________— Leonardo da Vinci designed the ornithopter, a wing-flapping aircraft that would use almost every muscle of the human body.
________— A glider designed by Sir George Cayley lifted a ten year old boy briefly into the air.
________— Russians launched Sputnik I, the first man-made satellite.
________— Russian Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space. She orbited earth 48 times, traveling 1.2 million miles.
________— United States Apollo11 astronauts landed on the moon.
Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
1.The first kites were invented ___ the Chinese.
2.Oliver of Malmesbury, a Benedictine Monk, is the first person to fly ___some distance (125 paces) __ the aid __wings.
3. Leonardo da Vinci designed the ornithopter, a wing-flapping aircraft that would use almost every muscle ___ the human body.
4.A glider designed ___Sir George Cayley lifted a ten year old boy briefly ___ the air.
5. Russian Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman__ space.
6.United States Apollo11 astronauts landed ___ the moon.
GRAMMAR: PAST SIMPLE TENSE AND PASSIVE
1. Put a tick (√) next to the correct forms of the Past Simple, and cross out those which are incorrect. You can look at Appendix 1, page , before you do the exercise.
walked
taked
drank
gave
met
won
leaved
drinked
wrote
asked
meeted
passed
cryed
swimmed
went
cooked
flew
took
flew
stopped
left
followed
spent
sended
found
swam
fined
buyed
winned
eated
brought
crossed
Put in the correct form of the verbs in brackets ( ).
Fiat (>) was started (start) by a group of Italian businessmen in 1899.The Antonov An-225 Mriya _______ (to be) a strategic airlift cargo aircraft that______ (is designed) by the Antonov Design Bureau in the Soviet Union in the 1980s. It______ (power) by six turbofan engines and is the longest and heaviest airplane ever______ (build), with a maximum takeoff weight of 640 tonnes (710 short tons). It also____ (have) the largest wingspan of any aircraft in operational service. The single example built has the Ukrainian civil registration UR-82060. A second airframe with a slightly different configuration____ partially ____( build). Its construction ______ (to held) in 1994because of lack of funding and interest, but______ (revive) briefly in 2009, bringing it to 60%-70% completion. On 30 August 2016, Antonov______ (agree) to complete the second airframe for Aviation Industry Corporation of China as a prelude to AICC commencing series production.
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PRONUNCIATION
How do you pronounce the past simple of these words?
______________________________________________________
be plan decideinvite go seem surprise walk come laugh bring
Circle the irregular verb with different vowel sound.
Brought saw told caught
Came said paid made
Seem send seen been
3. When do you pronounce the e in ed? ________________________________________________________________
/t/ / d / /id/ __________________________________________________________________
walked /checked / joined/surprised/planned invited/decided
I walked to the airport.We joined them.We decided to go outside.
SPEAKING
Listen and watch the video about the history of aviation. Speak what do these dates mean?
| 1903 | XIX century | World War I | 1924 | 1945 | 1947 | 1952 | 1963 | 1969 | 1970 |
WRITING
Write an essay about the history of aviation.
| Supersonic |
| Service quality |
| Commercial aircraft |
| Inventory of XX century |
| Heavier than air |
MODULE I.2. TYPES OF AVIATION
SPEAKING
Ask questions to your partner.
| Brainstorming |
1. What types of Aviation do you know?
| Aviation |
2.Which of them is higher developed in your country?
READING
1. Read the text ‘Types of Aviation’ for general understanding and guess the meanings of highlighted words. Check with your teacher or consult a dictionary.
CIVIL AVIATION
Civil aviation includes all non-military flying, both general aviation and scheduled air transport.
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There are five major manufacturers of civil transport aircraft (in alphabetical order):
Ø Airbus, based in Europe
Ø Boeing, based in the United States
Ø Bombardier, based in Canada
Ø Embraer, based in Brazil
Ø United Aircraft Corporation, based in Russia
Boeing, Airbus, Ilyushin and Tupolev concentrate on wide-body and narrow-body jet airliners, while Bombardier, Embraer and Sukhoi concentrate on regional airliners. Large networks of specialized parts suppliers from around the world support these manufacturers, who sometimes provide only the initial design and final assembly in their own plants. The Chinese ACAC consortium will also soon enter the civil transport market with its Comac ARJ21 regional jet.
Until the 1970s, most major airlines were flag carriers, sponsored by their governments and heavily protected from competition. Since then, open skies agreements have resulted in increased competition and choice for consumers, coupled with falling prices for airlines. The combination of high fuel prices, low fares, high salaries, and crises such as the September 11, 2001 attacks and the SARS epidemic have driven many older airlines to government-bailouts, bankruptcy or mergers. At the same time, low-cost carriers such as Ryanair, Southwest and Westjet have flourished.
General aviation
General aviation includes all non-scheduled civil flying, both private and commercial. General aviation may include business flights, air charter, private aviation, flight training, ballooning, parachuting, gliding, hang gliding, aerial photography, foot-launched powered hang gliders, air ambulance, crop dusting, charter flights, traffic reporting, police air patrols and forest fire fighting.
Each country regulates aviation differently, but general aviation usually falls under different regulations depending on whether it is private or commercial and on the type of equipment involved.
Many small aircraft manufacturers serve the general aviation market, with a focus on private aviation and flight training.
The most important recent developments for small aircraft (which form the bulk of the GA fleet) have been the introduction of advanced avionics (including GPS) that were formerly found only in large airliners, and the introduction of composite materials to make small aircraft lighter and faster. Ultra-light and homebuilt aircraft have also become increasingly popular for recreational use, since in most countries that allow private aviation, they are much less expensive and less heavily regulated than certified aircraft.
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Military aviation
Simple balloons were used as surveillance aircraft as early as the 18th century. Over the years, military aircraft have been built to meet ever increasing capability requirements. Manufacturers of military aircraft compete for contracts to supply their government's arsenal. Aircraft are selected based on factors like cost, performance, and the speed of production.
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