ARTICLES WITH PROPER NAMES AND SOME OTHER SPECIFIC CASES
| THE | ZERO ARTICLE |
| ♦ with the names of cinemas (the Rex), hotels (the Carlton), theatres (the Globe), museums (the British Museum), newspapers/magazines (the Times but: Time magazine), ships (the Mary Rose), organisations (the EU), galleries (the Tate Gallery) ♦ with the names of rivers (the Nile), seas (the Caspian Sea), oceans (the Atlantic), canals (the Panama Canal) ♦ with the names of groups of islands (the Canary Islands), mountain ranges (the Alps), deserts (the Sahara Desert) ♦ with the names of countries when they include words such as state, Kingdom, republic, etc. (the United Kingdom) ♦ with names or nouns with of (the Leaning Tower of Pisa) ♦ with the names of musical instruments and dances. e.g. the piano, the tango ♦ with the names nationalities ending in -sh, -ch or -ese (the French, the Scottish, the Japanese, etc.). Other plural nationalities are used with or without the (the Americans, the Greeks, etc.) ♦ with titles (the King, the Prince of Wales, the President) BUT: ‘The’ is omitted before titles with proper names. Queen Victoria ♦ with the words morning, afternoon, evening and night. e.g. We eat dinner in the evening, but: at night, at noon, at midnight, by day/night, at 4 o'clock, etc. ♦ with historical periods/events, the Middle Ages, the Crimean War (but: World War II) ♦ We use the + adjective to refer to a group of people usually with the adjectives: poor, rich, sick, injured, elderly, unemployed, homeless, disabled, young, old, dead, blind, deaf, handicapped, mentally ill. e.g. The young are usually impatient. | ♦ with proper nouns, e.g. Mark lives in Brighton. ♦ with the names of sports, games, activities, days, months, celebrations, colours, drinks, meals and languages (when they are not followed by the word ‘language’), e.g. I often play chess. We speak German, but: The German language is difficult to learn. ♦ with the names of countries (Italy, but: the Netherlands, the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Vatican City), cities (Paris), streets (Oxford Street, but: the High Street, the Strand, the Mall, the London road, the A19, the M6 motorway), squares (Trafalgar Square), bridges (Tower Bridge but: the Bridge of Sighs, the Humber Bridge), parks (Hyde Park), railway stations (Victoria Station), mountains (Ben Nevis), individual islands (Tahiti), lakes (Lake Geneva), continents (Africa) ♦ with two-word names when the first word is the name of a person or place Gatwick Airport, Windsor Castle BUT: the White House (because White' is not the name of a person or place) ♦ with names of pubs, restaurants, shops, banks and hotels named after the people who started them and end in -s or -’s. (Lloyds Bank, Harrods, Dave's Pub but: the Red Lion (pub) (because ‘Red’ is not the name of a person or place) ♦ with the words bed, church, college, court, hospital, prison, school, university, sea when we refer to the purpose for which they exist. e.g. Sarah went to school. (She is a student.) BUT: Her father went to the school to see her teacher yesterday. (He went to the school as a visitor.) ♦ with the word work (= place of work). e.g. He is at work. ♦ with the words home, Father/Mother when we talk about our own home/parents, e.g. Father is at home. ♦ with by + means of transport: by bus/car/train/ plane, etc. e.g. She travelled by bus. BUT: She left on the 8 o’clock bus this morning. ♦ with the names of illnesses, e.g. He’s got malaria. but: flu/the flu, measles/the measles, mumps/the mumps |
EXERCISES
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Exercise 24. Fill in the gaps with one of the words from the list adding ‘the’ where necessary. Use each word twice.
| prison | school | bed | sea | hospital |
1. The minute we reached the beach, the children ran into … to swim.
2. My brother is in the navy. He is at … for months sometimes.
3. I usually go to … at about 11 pm to get a good night’s sleep.
4. The cat is sitting on ….
5. The Prime Minister visited … yesterday and talked to the prisoners.
6. The men who robbed the bank are in … now.
7. The ambulance took the injured people to ….
8. I must go to … to visit my aunt. She’s had an operation.
9. We saw the children in their classrooms as we walked past ….
10. I want to go to university when I leave ….
Exercise 25. Choose the correct alternative.
1. Catherine loves cats/the cats.
2. Look at cats/the cats! They are chasing a bird.
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3. I don’t like coffee/the coffee, but I like tea/the tea.
4. You cut the cake/cake and I’ll pour coffee/the coffee.
5. Life/The life will be very different in the future.
6. Life/The life of a mayfly is extremely short.
7. I enjoy swimming/the swimming in the sea.
8. Children/The children usually like playing games.
9. Children/The children have gone to the park.
10. All people/the people in this room are my relatives.
11. All people/the people should have freedom of speech.
12. Villages/The villages in this part of the country are very beautiful.
13. Breakfast/The breakfast is the most important meal of day/the day.
14. Paul was only/the only person who remembered me.
15. In Stone Age/the Stone Age, people lived in caves.
16. I would like to travel to Spain/the Spain.
17. We travelled to London by train/the train.
18. He is learning to play flute/the flute.
Exercise 26. Fill in a, an or the where necessary.
1. A: Shall we go to … cinema tonight?
B: Yes. It’s a long time since I saw … film.
2. A: Have you ever been to … Copenhagen?
B: Yes. I think it’s … prettiest city in Europe.
3. A: Did you see all … sights in Paris?
B: Yes, but … Eiffel Tower and … Louvre were my favourites.
4. A: What did you have for … lunch today?
B: I had … sandwich in … office canteen.
5. A: Do you buy … newspaper every day?
B: Yes. I usually buy … Independent and my wife reads … Times.
6. A: Danny plays … golf very well, doesn't he?
B: Yes, he practises every weekend with his friends.
7. A: Which station are you meeting John at?
B: … Waterloo Station. It's … big place. I hope I find him easily.
8. A: Are you going on holiday this summer?
B: Yes. We've booked … holiday for three weeks in … Canary Islands.
9. A: What did you see on your tour today?
B: … Buckingham Palace and … Houses of Parliament.
10. A: … Duponts, who live next door to us, are French.
B: … French are very friendly people, aren’t they?
11. A: That’s … beautiful dress. Where did you get it?
B: In …summer sale at … Harrods, actually.
12. A: Who is going to open … new shopping centre?
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B: I heard that … Queen is going to do it.
Exercise 27. Fill in a, an or the where necessary.
| 1. … football team who have won …World Cup … most times is … Brazil. They have won … competition four times. … team also hold … record for … greatest number of … goals scored overall and have played in every one of … tournament’s finals. |
| 2. … tallest man in … world was born in … USA in 1918. His name was … Robert Wadlow and … last time he was measured, in 1940, he had reached a height of 2.72 m. His hands were 32.4 cm from … wrist to … tip of … middle finger. |
| 3. David was waiting at … King’s Cross station. He was about to travel to … Newcastle by … train for … job interview. However, … train was late and he had been standing on … platform for over … hour. |
| 4. I take … bus to … school every day. I leave ... house at eight o'clock in … morning. It is … five-minute walk from my house to … bus-stop. … journey to school takes about … quarter of …hour. |
| 5. … Queen is going to visit … Bridgeford … next week to open … new hospital which has been built in … town. It will be … exciting event which all … local people will attend. |
| 6. Stuart has got … cold, so he has to stay in … bed. His mother has made him … bowl of soup and he has got … box of … tissues on his … bedside table. He will probably spend most of … day sleeping. |
Exercise 28. Read the following proverbs and fill in a, an, the or Zero article.
1. … Rome wasn’t built in … day.
2. … actions speak louder than … words.
3. … apple … day keeps … doctor away.
4. When in … Rome, do as … Romans do.
5. Where there’s … will there’s … way.
6. You can’t teach … old dog … new tricks.
7. You can’t get … blood out of … stone.
8. You cannot make … omelette without breaking … eggs.
9. … more you get … more you want.
10. …more … merrier.
11. … home is where … heart is.
12. Fire is … good servant but … bad master.
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