Text 3. Universities and colleges.
Correct the mistakes.
Thirty-one per cent of high school graduates go to college. Students don’t pay tuition to study at public and private universities. None of them have scholarships to help with the cost of tuition. Even with a scholarship higher education is very cheap: not many families take out loans to pay for their children’s college education.
A part-time undergraduate degree usually takes four years. Many students study full-time, so it may take them much longer to finish. Some take an associate’s degree at a community college, where the tuition fees are higher and study two more years at a four-year college to complete their bachelor’s degree.
Some undergraduate students must take their liberal-arts classes in English, math, history, and science. They choose a major in a subject such as business, education or art in their first year of college or after they have completed all of their course work.
UNIT 40
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Text 1. The Germanic Influence
Complete the sentences.
The Anglo-Saxons, who invaded England in AD 350, came from ………………………………..
They spoke a Germanic language, which became the basis of old English. Even today, words used in ………………………………for ordinary objects are mostly Anglo-Saxon, or Germanic, in origin. Germanic languages, such as ……………………………………………………………
have very similar words for the objects in the box below. Words of Germanic origin are usually ……… (often just ……………………….) and tend to be ……………………in modern English.
| shoe clothes earth sun moon day man wife child friend house food water sleep love say live have be work |
Text 2. The French Influence
Answer the questions.
1. What language did the Roman languages originate from?..........................................................
2. Where did the words in the box below come from?....................................................................
3. What are these words associated with?........................................................................................
4. What is the difference between the words of Latin and Germanic origin?.................................
5. When did the Romans invade Britain?........................................................................................
6. Why does English have different words for animals and their meat?
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.....................................................................................................................................................
| government parliament judge court legal military army crown nation state country power authority people |
Text 3. The Classical Influence
Mark the sentences as true or false.
1. During the Renaissance there was a revival of interest in Greek and Latin culture.
2. Thousands of words of Germanic origin flooded into English at that time.
3. There are such pairs of words as base and basis in English because Latin influenced English twice – through Norman French in the 11th century and during the Renaissance in the 14th-15th century.
4. At the same time it became popular in European countries to use their mother tongues.
5. The Bible began to be read in Latin.
6. Now we can explain something in English with the words of Germanic, Latin and Greek origin.
| GERMANIC | LATIN | GREEK |
| book | library | bibliography |
| renew | renovate | neolithic |
| water | aquatic | hydraulic |
Text 4. The Expansion of Learning
Answer the questions.
1. Why do new words have to be created?
2. How are they created?
3. What is the origin of the word telephone?
Text 5. The Colonial Influence
Correct the mistakes.
Words from foreign countries have entered English as a result of wars and colonial expansion: alcoholand algebra come from Spanish; divan and khaki from Persian; chocolate and tomato from native African languages; bungalow and cot from Gujarati; tea and tycoon from Japanese.
Other words were invented in the English-speaking colonies, the UK in particular. Many British people are happy about Americanisms entering the English language, but don’t realize how few of the words they use come from American English. It is because of Great Britain that English is now truly a world language: a world where over 19 per cent of scientific papers are written in English and a world where people who don’t speak each other’s mother tongue are most unlikely to communicate in English.
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TOPIC 5. SHOPPING
UNIT 41
MODEL SHOW
Answer the questions about the models: Anna, John, Mark, Carol, Peter, Jim and Helen
1. Who is wearing a blue T-shirt?
2. What colour is Anna’s shirt?
3. What is Mark wearing on his feet?
4. Who has a lovely hat on?
5. Who is wearing a tracksuit?
6. What is black in John’s outfit?
7. Who is wearing purple boots?
8. What is Carol’s dress like?
9. Who is wearing a bright yellow raincoat?
10. What is on Pete’s head?
UNIT 42
I’M LOOKIG FOR BETTY
What are the children wearing and what are they doing now?
Betty………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Lucy………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Steve………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Rick…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Roy………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Kathy………………………………………………………………………………………………..
UNIT 43
DO YOU WEAR A UNIFORM?
Mark the sentences as true, false or not given.
1. Italian policemen don’t wear a uniform in summer.
2. American policemen wear a gold badge on the jacket or on the shirt and on the cap.
3. Chinese policemen wear a green uniform.
4. Chinese schoolchildren have brighter uniforms than British schoolchildren.
5. Beefeaters are dressed in dark blue and red uniforms on special days.
6. Beefeaters carry radios with them.
7. British schoolchildren wear old-fashioned hats
UNIT 44
CAN I HELP YOU?
Answer the questions.
1. What kind of footwear does the woman want?
2. What does she want to do before buying?
3. What is the difference in price between the two cameras?
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4. Which of them does the man want to buy and why?
5. What’s the title of the book?
6. How much is it?
UNIT 45
GETTING PRESENTS
What was the best present for each of these people? Who gave it to them?
Tony…………………………………………………………………………………………
Linda………………………………………………………………………………………..
Helen ……………………………………………………………………………………….
UNIT 46
SHOPPING COMPLAINTS
Task 1.
Tick the problems that the man has with his jacket. Does he want to exchange it or get the refund?
1. Broken zip 5. Loose buttons
2. Missing buttons 6. Stained sleeve
3. Torn lining 7. Uneven sleeves
4. Loose stitching 8. Uneven pockets
Task 2 Match the objects to the problems. How does the woman sound?
- Table A cracked
- Mirror B stained
- Carpet C scratched
- Cushions D broken
- TV E torn
UNIT 47
GIBSON’S MALL
Complete the advertisement.
Facilities: over 100 free ………………………………, a roof-garden .……………………,
a gas station, an indoor ……………………………………………
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Stores: Kay’s …………………………., Baxter’s Hardware …………, Carter’s ………………,
dress stores, ……………………................................, bookstores, a deli, a ……………………., a …………...salon, and much more.
Opening hours: Monday to Saturday ………………………… Sunday: ………………………….
UNIT 48
A RADIO INTERVIEW
Mark the sentences as true, false or not given.
1. Donna believes that in general advertising does a lot of harm.
2. Ads make us feel good about the way we look.
3. Most adverts mislead us.
4. Buying certain products can solve our problems and change our life.
5. TV advertising produces stronger effect on people.
6. Not all adverts are bad.
UNIT 49
JEANS
Correct the sentences from the text.
1. Some people say that jeans are the clothes of youth.
2. The story of jeans started almost 300 years ago in Italy.
3. In 1850 “Levi’s pants” made of canvas became popular with gold miners, farmers and students.
4. Later Levi began making pants of a blue silk cloth called denim.
5. Elvis Presley, the king of jazz, and James Dean, a famous TV star, made jeans popular with teens.
6. In the sixties young people had more money, their clothes showed their wealth.
7. Some people decorated jeans with colourful patches and designs.
8. In the seventies designer jeans of Calvin Klein or Pierre Cardin were very stylish and very modern.
UNIT 50
SHOPPING
Task 1. Match each conversation (1-5) with the names of the things these people buy.
Pants and jeans
Cars
Tables
Bicycles
Shoes
Furniture
TV-sets
Ties
Task 2. Write if people will buy these things. If they don’t, write the reason of it.
1. The jacket……………………………………………………………………………………
2. The CD player……………………………………………………………………………….
3. The cordless phone…………………………………………………………………………..
4. The jeans……………………………………………………………………………………...
5. The computer…………………………………………………………………………………
6. The notebook…………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 51
SHOP TILL YOU DROP
Text 1. Going to the Mall
Complete the sentences.
Shopping is a ………………………………………of many Americans. They usually go to …………………………………….. called malls that have a variety of ……………………….,
………………………………………and ………………………… Chain stores like J.C. Penny or The Gap are also found in malls. Everything is indoors so you can walk from store to store without worrying about……....………………………………………… Malls are air-conditioned …………………….. and heated ……………………and have large parking lots where you can …………………………...Some malls provide ……………………………………………There might be a band …………………………………………… or a puppet show ………………..…. Childcare facilities are ……………………………………….., so children can play safely while their parents shop. People who live or work in large cities still shop at ………………………… and downtown where most department stores are located. ………………… have pedestrianized shopping areas with specialty shops and restaurants that are like outdoor malls.
The girl has a ………………………………..job as a ……………………………in a chain store.
She works on ……………………. ……………and Tuesday and Thursday evenings.
…………. think she should start paying some of her own expenses even though she is only …....
Text 2. Cash or charge?
Correct the mistakes.
Shoppers can use their credit cards to charge almost everything they buy. Selling something with a credit card can be more comfortable than paying for it right away with a credit card. There are many different kinds of credit cards, and over 6 per cent of Americans have one or two cards. Many people end up in debt to credit card companies because they have to trouble paying off their credit cards debts.
Post-order shopping has become very unpopular because it’s a waste of time. Shoppers use credit cards to pay for something over the phone after they have seen it advertised in a mail order catalogue, on radio, or in a newspaper or journal. A number of mail-order companies accept phone orders twenty-three hours a day and some have toll-free numbers. Many cities have a sales tax that is usually 8 to 10 per cent of the price. Some states put a tax on clothes, cigarettes and liquor.
Text 3. What’s on Sale.
Mark the sentences as true, false or not given.
1. Many Americans are bargain hunters because they shop at outlets that sell merchandise at a discount.
2. Regular stores also give discounts.
3. Sales are advertised on TV, radio, newspapers and by mail.
4. TV advertisements are the most effective.
5. There is competition among stores.
6. Many stores reduce prices, stay open late and work seven days a week.
UNIT 52
YES NO QUESTIONS
Write down the questions and answer them with ‘yes’ or ‘no’.
1........................................................................................................................................................................
2........................................................................................................................................................................
3........................................................................................................................................................................
4................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6........................................................................................................................................................................
7........................................................................................................................................................................
8........................................................................................................................................................................
9........................................................................................................................................................................
10......................................................................................................................................................................
11......................................................................................................................................................................
12......................................................................................................................................................................
13......................................................................................................................................................................
14......................................................................................................................................................................
15......................................................................................................................................................................
UNIT 53
AT A SHOP
Complete the sentences.
C1
- Good afternoon.
- Hello. I’d like shampoo for dry hair
- …………………………………………………………?
- ………………………………….. the small bottle.
- 76 p
- I’ll take ………………………………..
C2
- …………………………………………………..?
- Yes, of course.
C3
- ………………………………………………..?
- It’s all right, thanks. I’m being served.
C4
- Can I help you?
- …………………………… a child’s tricycle.
- ………………………. is the child?
C5
- Could I have a pint of milk, please.
- Yes, of course. ………………………. Anything else?
- No, that’s all, thanks. ………………………………..
- 24p
C6
- Hello, Sid. Have you got flashbulbs?
- I’m afraid not, Fred. We’ll have some in next week. ……………………………..
- I’m gonna be away on Monday, ………………………………………………….
- OK, see you later.
- Bye, Sid.
UNIT 54
THE WORLD’S MOST LOVED CAR
Choose the correct answer.
- The world’s most loved car is
a) noisy, but beautiful and comfortable
b) noisy, ugly and not very comfortable
c) quiet, attractive and comfortable
- In Britain they call it
a) Bug
b) Fly
c) Beetle
- Volkswagen was created
a) for people
b) for soldiers
c) for the rich
- It started to be used
a) in Germany before the war
b) in Britain after the war
c) in France during the war
- When the first owners of Volkswagen greeted each other, they
a) waved
b) shouted hello
c) honked
- The car is still made in
a) North America
b) South America
c) South Africa
- A lot of people love this car because
a) it’s cheap and convenient
b) it’s modern and stylish
c) it’s perfect, it has character and it’s totally reliable
TOPIC 6. TOWN
UNIT 55
A TINY CITY
Complete the sentences.
1. Can you imagine a city ……………………………………………………………………………….. or ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. This city is situated ……………………………………………………………………………………...
3. There are …………………………..one next to the other, you can see ………………………………
………………………………, trains that move and ships in the harbour.
4. There is even ……………………………………………………………………………………………
5. You can see …………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………….around the city
UNIT 56
MY FAVOURITE AMERICAN CI TY
Complete the table with the names of the cities: Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Denver, Dallas, New York, Chicago, Boston, Miami, Washington, Philadelphia.
| Name | Favourite city |
| Sam Lengo | |
| Margot Holzman | |
| Hans Kelly | |
| Junko Sato | |
| Paul Aston |
UNIT 57
EXCUSE ME
Write what places people are asking about and how to get there.
Conversation 1 Conversation 2
……………………………………. ………………………………………………..
............................................................. ……………………………………………………..
UNIT 58
PARKING PROBLEM
Correct the text.
My father and I had decided to buy a new flat, and I’d made an appointment to see our house estate agent. I’d never seen him before and I was a bit nervous. I drove into town and I was happy enough to find a parking space beside the bank. I’d just started reversing into the space when another car drove out of it. I was so glad! I opened my window and smiled at the other driver. He ignored me and walked away. It took me twelve minutes to find another space. As soon as I parked the car I walked back to the bank. I was twenty minutes late for my interview. I went to the manager’s office, knocked and walked in. The manager was standing by the window. He was the man who had taken my parking space!
UNIT 59
A CAR ACCIDENT
Why did the accident happen?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
UNIT 60
THEY DIDN’T STOP TO TELL ME
Mark the sentences as true, false or not given.
1. Stan lost his car when he was driving down the M6 from Scotland carrying brandy.
2. He is trying to give up hard drinks.
3. He stopped at Burnham Wood to get some diesel and to have a coffee.
4. He parked his car behind the café.
5. He was phoning his girlfriend when he saw his lorry going past the window.
6. He always locks the cab door.
7. He remembers checking the passenger door.
8. He thinks that the thieves had the car keys.
9. He didn’t tell his wife that he had lost his truck.
UNIT 61
ON THE ROAD
Complete the remarks from the conversation.
1. You can’t ………………………… There is a double ……………………….
2. You’ll get a …………………….if you leave it here.
3. All the traffic wardens ………………………………………………………
4. Excuse me, may I see your …………………………..?
5. In that case you’ll have to take it to ………………………………..within five days.
6. There’s a thirty miles an hour ………………………………………. on this road, sir.
7. Oh, good evening. I don’t know if you can help me. My car ……………………………..
8. We have a twenty-four hour ……………………………………………………………….
9. I’ll send …………………………………………………………………………………….
10. It’s nothing serious, sir. You’ve …………………………………………………………..
11. Can you tow me to …………………………………………………………………….
12. Shall I ……………………………… or …………………..?
13. Hold on. I can’t find my ………………………………………………….
UNIT 62
MOVING TO WHITNEY
Compare living in Whitney with living in London.
Whitney London
…………………………………………… ……………………………………….........
…………………………………………… ……………………………………………..
…………………………………………… ………………………………………………
UNIT 63
TOKYO
Mark the sentences as true, false or not given.
1. Tokyo is a town you can love and hate at the same time.
2. The streets of Tokyo are very crowded.
3. In the morning you can see students helping passengers get out of the train.
4. The best time to be in the streets of Tokyo is after 11.30 p.m.
5. Japanese people are only polite when they go along the crowded streets.
6. In a Japanese train everybody is reading a newspaper.
7. In Tokyo there is a train station at every corner.
8. Japanese trains go every 5 minutes.
9. The trains leave and arrive on time.
UNIT 64
LIVING IN MADRID
Answer the questions.
1. How long has Kate lived in Madrid? ………………………………………………….
2. How is an ordinary day in Madrid different from the one in London?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. How do things change in summer?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What was Kate’s first problem when she arrived in Spain? ………………………………..
5. What meals do they have in Madrid? ……………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Where do people live in Madrid? ……………………………………………………………
7. How is Madrid different from London? ……………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Why does Kate like living in Madrid better? …………………………………………………
9. What’s the traffic like? ………………………………………………………………………..
10. What is public transport like? ………………………………………………………………….
11. How does she feel about coming back to England?...................................................................
UNIT 65
DIRECTIONS
Write down how to get to Lucy’s place.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
UNIT 66
A SHORTCUT
Answer the questions.
1. Why did Helen feel nervous?
2. Why were there no people on the bus stop?
3. Why did the taxi driver take a shortcut?
4. Why did Helen leave the taxi?
5. Why did Helen manage to catch the train?
UNIT 67
LEARNING TO DRIVE
Put the instructions in the correct order.
Make sure the car is in neutral before starting the engine.
Put the car into first gear.
Fasten your seat belt.
Put your foot on the clutch.
Lift the clutch and press the accelerator gently at the same time.
Check if the mirror is in the right place.
Push the clutch to the floor.
Release the hand brake.
Look in the mirror to make sure nothing is coming from behind.
Switch on the ignition and start the car.
UNIT 68
SHOPPING
Complete the table.
| things to buy | shop | how to get there |
| co-op | ||
| box of tissures | ||
| large tube of toothpaste | ||
| newsagent’s |
UNIT 69
WHAT WOULD YOU HAVE DONE
Correct the mistakes.
Text 1. Naughty Bishop
I was told a lovely story about the bishop of Fleetwood. He’d gone to New York for a church ceremony. Anyway, when he stepped off from the train there were a few journalists and cameramen. The last question one of the journalists asked was, “Do you intend to visit any night clubs in New York?” Well, the bishop was 80 years old. “Are there any night clubs in New York?” he asked innocently. The next evening the headline in one of the New York magazines was “Bishop’s first question on arrival to New York – Are there any night clubs?” How would you have felt?
Text 2. Unless!
I’d just parked my car in the street near the baseball stadium in Liverpool. It was twelve minutes before the end of the match and I was in a hurry. Three small boys came up to me and said, “Give us 50 p and we’ll look for your car while you are playing at the match. I told them to clear off, and one of them looked at me with big, round, innocent blue eyes and said “Unless you give us the wallet, something might happen to your car while you are away. You know, a scratch or a flat tyre. Something like that. I was surprised. What would you have done?
UNIT 70
PARKING IN LONDON
Answer the questions.
1. How did Leslie get to her destination in London?.......................................................................
2. Where did she leave her car?.......................................................................................................
3. Who did she ask to help her find the car?.................................................................................................
4. Why couldn’t she find it?..........................................................................................................................
5. What was the policeman’s reaction when the car was found?..................................................................
TOPIC 7. WEATHER
UNIT 71
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