Over the River and Through the Woods
Over the river, and through the woods,
To grandmother's house we go;
The horse knows the way.
To carry the sleigh,
Though the white and drifted snow.
Over the river and through the woods-
Oh, how the wind does blow! It stings the toes,
And bites the nose,
As over the ground we go.
Symbols of Thanksgiving
Turkey, corn (or maize), pumpkins and cranberry sauce are symbols which represent the first Thanksgiving. Now all of these symbols are drawn on holiday decorations and greeting cards. The use of corn meant the survival of the colonies. "Indian corn" as a table or door decoration represents the harvest and the fall season.
Sweet-sour cranberry sauce, or cranberry jelly, was on the first Thanksgiving table, and is still served today. The cranberry is a small, sour berry. It grows in bogs, or muddy areas, in Massachusetts and other New England states. The Indians used the fruit to treat infections. They used the juice to dye their rugs and blankets. They taught the colonists how to cook the berries with sweetener and water to make a sauce. The Indians called it "bitter berry." When the colonists saw
it, they named it "crane-berry" because the flowers of the berry bent the stalk over, and it resembled the long-necked bird called a crane. The berries are still grown in New England. Very few people know, however, that before the berries are put in bags to be sent to the rest of the country, each individual berry must bounce at least four inches high to make sure they are not top ripe!
In 1988, a Thanksgiving ceremony of a different kind took place at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. More than four thousand people gathered on Thanksgiving night. Among them were Native Americans representing tribes from all over the country and descendants of people whose ancestors had migrated to the New World.
The ceremony was a public acknowledgment of the Indians' role in the first Thanksgiving 350 years ago. Until recently most schoolchildren believed that the Pilgrims cooked the entire Thanksgiving feast, and offered it to the Indians. In fact, the feast was planned to thank the Indians for teaching them how to cook those foods. Without the Indians, the first settlers would not have survived.
Read the text about Thanksgiving and choose the best way to complete the sentences.
- Thanksgiving originated
a) from an Indian holiday
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b) 
from a British holiday
c) in a British colony
d) in India
- The Pilgrims came to America
a) to get religious freedom
b) to get political freedom
c) to become rich
d) to save themselves from hunger
- Half of the colony
a) died fighting the Indians
b) died from illnesses
c) went to live with Indians
d) returned to Great Britain
- The Indians
a) used cranberry to dye their hair
b) helped the colonists to survive
c) learned from the colonists how to make popcorn and cranberry sauce
d) advised the colonists to go back to Great Britain
- Thanksgiving is celebrated
a) on November 26
b) with roast goose, cranberry jam and apple pie
c) in the house of an older relative
d) as a children’s holiday
- More than three hundred years passed before
a) Thanksgiving became a holiday of sharing
b) the Indians’ role in the first Thanksgiving was officially acknowledged
c) Thanksgiving spread all over the world
d) Thanksgiving became a national American holiday
GRAMMAR
INTRODUCTORY COURSE
SENTENCE
1.1. PARTS OF SPEECH can bedivided into
| № | notional ['nɜʊʃ(ə)n(ə)l] | № | structural ['strʌkʧ(ə)r(ə)l] | ||
| 1 | NOUN [naʊn] desk, man, sun, idea; | 1 | ARTICLE ['ɑːtɪkl] a, an, the; | ||
| 2 | PRONOUN [ˈprɜʊnaʊn] he, them, mine, this, no; | 2 | CONJUNCTION [kən'ʤʌŋkʃ(ə)n] and, but, while; | ||
| 3 | ADJECTIVE [ˈæʤəktıv] nice, black, happy; | 3 | PREPOSITION [ˌprepə'zɪʃ(ə)n] at, of, into, above; | ||
| 4 | NUMERAL [ˈnju:mərəl] four, ninth, third, hundred; | 4 | PARTICLE ['pɑːtɪkl] to live, n o t; | ||
| 5 | VERB [vɜːb] go, must, have, think, understand; | Verbals:
infinitive [ɪn'fɪnətɪv] to go; participle [pɑː'tɪsɪpl] going; gone; gerund ['ʤer(ə)nd] going; | |||
| 6 | ADVERB ['ædvɜːb] well, quickly, however, absolutely; | ||||
| INTERJECTION [ˌɪntə'ʤekʃ(ə)n] Oh! Wow! Oops! Ouch! Gee! Yo! | |||||
1. 2. PARTS OF THE SENTENCE can be divided into
| № | main parts | № | secondary parts | |
| 1 | SUBJECT ['sʌbʤekt] Jane went away. They are here. | 1 | ATTRIBUTE ['ætrɪbjuːt] There is a nice black cat in the room. | |
| 2 | PREDICATE ['predɪkət]: | 2
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