Перевод пассивных конструкций
1. Waterloo was lost by Napoleon, who was outwitted and outfought by Wellington and Blucher (the two generals who weren’t afraid of his reputation); it was not a fault of Grouchy. (R. Aldington, Frauds)
2. If the recommendations of the Wolfenden Committee on Sports are accepted and acted upon by the Government, they would mark a big step in the right direction. (Daily Worker)
3. Roosevelt’s famous statement that one third of the nation was ill-fed, ill-clothed and ill-housed should have read at least two-thirds, for no less than 80 per cent of our people are getting less than is called for in the widely endorsed budget of the Heller Committee for research in social economics. (W. Foster)
4. Workers of the colonial countries have been and are ruthlessly exploited and persecuted. In the Philippines all democratic trade unions have been banned (Report of World Affairs)
5. Farmers Drive with Death. A farmer in North Queensland, Australia, drove ten miles to an ambulance station to have a six-foot snake wrapped around his arm identified. It turned out to be a taipan. Australia’s deadliest serpent. (Morning Star)
6. The progressive movement in Toronto was saddened to hear of the death last week of Stanley Thornley at the age of 82. For all his active life, since coming to Canada in 1910, “Pop” Thornley was loved and respected by his fellow-workers for his forthright socialist ideas. He is survived by his three sons and one daughter. (The Canadian Tribune)
7. Перевод конструкций с инфинитивом
1. Mr Woodcock was the first to speak at the conference, but he was excused owing to a very bad cold. (The Times)
2. June saw the President freeze the assets of Germany and Italy in this country. (New York Times)
3. As machines take more and more of the jobs of men the coming years will see more people join the ranks of unemployed. (Daily Worker)
4. The Security Council is given the power to decide when a threat to peace exists without waiting for the war to break out. (The Guardian)
5. The day seemed endless. Roper, thinking that hours had passed, would look at his watch only to find that scarcely an hour had gone by. (W. Somerset Maugham, The Hour before the Dawn)
6. He was in pain. He turned from side to side on the hay trying to make himself comfortable and when he fell asleep it was only to be awakened after a few minutes by the throbbing of his shoulder. (ibid.)
7. He dreaded seeing Dora. He longed, he longed desperately for her to have an explanation of those damning facts. (ibid.)
8. “My dear, it’s no good fooling ourselves. We shall never be able to live here after the war. We shall be as poor as church mice. The life we knew and loved had gone never to return.” (ibid.)
9. The reactionaries know, it is written clear in history, wherever the workers accept Communist leadership the landlords and capitalists go down never to rise again. (W. Foster)
10. She’s very nervous. That’s another reason why I hated like hell for her to know I got the axe again. (J. M. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye)
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FOOTBALL IN ENGLAND
Football, in its roughest and most primitive form, had been played in Great Britain from time immemorial. Like other things, it is sometimes said to have been introduced by the Romans, but since Irish antiquaries claim that a form of football was played more than 2,000 years ago, it may have had pre-Roman existence in England. At all events a game with a ball of some kind was played in very old times in England, the great festival day being Shrove Tuesday, for reasons which are unknown. It was a game without rules, of which the sole aim seems to have been to drive the ball by fair means or foul through the opponent’s goal. So rough was the game and so many were its accidents, sometimes fatal, that it fell gradually into disrepute and Shrove Tuesday football seems to have died out about 1830, from which date onwards for about thirty or forty years football was only played by the great public schools, some of which had their own set of rules.
Today football is played in Great Britain under two sets of rules, Rugby and Association. Among the schools with their separate rules were Eton, Harrow, Winchester and Rugby, and it happened that the rules of Rugby were chosen by schools, exactly when and why it is difficult to be certain, but probably at some time in the forties and fifties. And by 1860, many other schools besides Rugby were playing football under Rugby rules, and London and other clubs followed suit. When the Rugby game first became adopted by other clubs its rules must have been fairly simple. (Eric Parker, English Sport)
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