Pattern: He may (not) come soon.
He is likely (unlikely) to come soon.
We may have a good time at the party tonight.
He may not follow my recommendation.
You can miss the beginning of the performance if you don’t hurry.
The company may be doing a new play in autumn.
He may not be invited to the official opening of the Olympic Games.
He may be doing history at University next year.
You may not remember his name.
Exercise 12. Say the person (or thing) proved to be (turned out to be) the following:
Pattern: The new secretary (to be helpful).
The new secretary proved to be helpful.
1. The interview with the new people (to be successful).
2. The briefing (to be useful).
3. The charges at the hotel (to be reasonable).
4. The conversation (to be rather unpleasant).
5. The student’s knowledge of history (to be above the average).
6. After all she (to be right).
7. He (to be a good doctor).
Exercise 13. Read and translate the following sentences and analyze the use of (he Complex Object and the Complex Subject.
We expect everybody to do his duty.
Everybody is expected to do his duty.
Nobody expected him to resign.
We consider him to be an outstanding politician.
I consider him to be the best composer living.
How kind of you to let me come.
Nothing seems to have changed.
They noticed Sue leave the house.
He is expected to manage his business well.
I was made to do it.
I want the host to introduce me to Mr. Brown.
The weather is likely to change today.
I want you to take care of the tickets.
This monument is considered to have been erected as early as the 15th century.
This church appears to be made of wood.
He is sure to have been influenced by Tom.
Exercise 14. Transform these sentences using For-Phrase Infinitive according to the model: She can’t come → It is impossible for her to come.
The meeting needn’t start before eight. (There’s no need for the...)
The postman ought to come. (It’s time for...)
He’s not usually late. (It’s unusual for...)
I want the children to go to a good school. (I’m anxious for...)
John shouldn’t go to Australia. (It’s a bad idea...)
Sue shouldn’t change her job just now. (It would be a mistake...)
Can Paul come to the meeting? (Is it possible...)
The car really should have regular services. (It’s important...)
He normally stays up late on Saturdays. (It’s normal...)
I’d be happy if you took a holiday. (I’d be happy for…)
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Exercise 15. Translate into English.
Жить – значит бороться.
Такой длинный текст трудно выучить.
Будет очень трудно доказать это кому-либо.
Мне нужно позвонить.
Ему есть, чем гордиться.
Нам нужно обсудить много вопросов.
У вас много дел?
Первое, что нужно сделать, это обсудить план.
Мы ожидали, что он выполнит свой долг.
Все считают его выдающимся политическим деятелем.
Я считаю, что это лучший композитор из ныне здравствующих.
Кто разрешил изменить заглавие статьи?
Его считают хорошим адвокатом.
UNIT 11
THE GERUND
Exercise 1. Find the gerunds in the following sentences and translate them into Russia.
Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
Give up eating a lot of candy.
I like getting presents.
Would you mind waiting in the hall?
Excuse me for interrupting you.
I’m looking forward to seeing you.
It’s worth going there.
I can’t help telling you the story.
This film is worth seeing.
Driving a car is one of my hobbies.
Travelling abroad can be exciting enough, but just now it is more exciting being here.
This is the right way of doing it.
I’m fond of playing chess.
I was tired of waiting.
She stopped answering my letters and I wondered what the matter might be.
Can you recall having mentioned the fact to anybody?
On being told the news she gave a gasp of surprise.
She denied having been at the station that evening.
Exercise 2. Use the gerund of the verb in brackets.
They denied ………… the money. (steal)
I don’t enjoy ……………. very much. (drive)
Has it stopped …………. yet? (rain)
Why do you keep ………… me questions? (ask)
Please stop ………… me questions. (ask)
One of the boys admitted …………… the window. (break)
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Ann was having dinner when the phone rang. She didn’t answer the phone, she just carried on ………….. (eat)
Are you fond of ………… ? (play tennis)
The baby began ………….. in the middle of the night. (cry)
Why do you avoid ………….. me? (see)
We insist on ………….. him there at once. (send)
You never mentioned …………… to them on the subject. (speak)
I don’t remember ever ………….. you. (see)
Exercise 3. Complete the sentences using the construction need + gerund of the following verbs: think about; clean; cut; empty; redecorate; lighten; change.
Her jacket is dirty. It __
The grass is very long. It __
The room isn’t very nice. It __
The screws are loose. They __
The bin is fall. It __
It’s a difficult problem. It __
The radio isn’t working. Thebatteries __
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences using by + gerund. Use one of the following verbs: drive too fast; harrow too much money; break a window; put some posters up on the walls; stand on a chair; turn a key; not eat property; read more.
She made herself ill __
The burglars got into the house __
You can improve your English __
I was able to reach the top shelf__
You start the engine of a car __
Kevin got himself into financial difficulty __
You can put people’s lives in danger __
We made the room look nicer __
Exercise 5. Make sentences with worth + ing or not worth + ing. Choose one of these verbs: consider; keep; read; repair; see; visit; go to bed; take a taxi
It was so late when we got home, it was __
I live only a short walk from here, so it’s __
The film isn’t very good. It is __
It would cost too much to repair this watch. It is __
If you have time, you should go to the museum, it is __
It’s quite an interesting article in the paper today. It is __
It’s an interesting suggestion. It is __
We can throw these old clothes away. Theyare __
Exercise 6. Complete each sentence using gerund.
1. Our neighbours apologized for ___ so much noise.
2. I feel lazy. I don’t feel like __ any work.
3. I wanted to go out alone but Joe insisted on __ with me.
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4. I’m fed up with my job. I’m thinking of__ something else.
5. We have decided against __ a new car because we can’t really afford it.
6. The weather was extremely bad and this prevented us from __ out.
7. I hope you write to me soon. I’m looking forward to __ from you.
8. The man who has been arrested is suspected of____ a false passport.
9. I think you should apologize to Sue for ___ so rude to her.
10. I’m sorry I can’t come to your party but thank you very much for __ me.
Exercise 7. Complete the sentences using a preposition + gerund of the following verbs: cause; pay; escape; pass the exam; interrupt; tell; live; play; solve; spend; walk; help.
It took us a long time but we succeeded __ this problem.
I’ve always dreamed __ in a small house by the sea.
The driver of another car accused me ___ the accident.
There was a fence around the lawn to stop people __ on the grass.
Forgive me __ you but may I ask you something?
Where are you thinking __ your holiday this year?
The guards were not able to prevent the prisoner ___
I wanted to cook the meal by myself but Dave insisted __ me.
I’m sorry we’ve had to cancel our game of tennis tomorrow. I was really looking forward ___
They insisted __ for the meal.
I congratulated Ann __ the exam.
They accused me __ lies.
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