Find more information about Emotional/Psychological Abuse as a Social Problem
And try to take a floor with a report
Література:
1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповненею – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.
2. Л.В. Мисик, А.Л. Арцишевська, Л.Р. Кузнєцова, Л.Л. Поплавська. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред. доц. Мисик Л.В. – Підручник. – К.: Атіка, 2000. – 368с.
3. Гужва Т. М. Англійська мова: Розмовні теми: Навч. посіб. Для студентів фак. Інозем. Філології, університетів, ліцеїв, гімназій та коледжів. – Харків: Фоліо, 2005. – 414с.
4. Бессонова І. В. Англійська мова (за професійним спрямуванням). Навчальний посібник для дистанційного навчання. – К.: Університет «Україна», 2005. – 263с.
Практичне заняття № 2
Тема: Освіта у Великій Британії і США.
1. Читання та обговорення текстів. Виконання після текстових вправ . Підготовка розповіді про освіту в Великій Британії та США.
THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
The four lands that make up the United Kingdom (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland
and Wales) have different histories and distinctive culture. The UK educational systems
are similar in general structure, but cultural differences have influenced their organization, as well as attitudes, standards, and values.
Education is divided into three stages - primary education, secondary education, and further and higher education. Full-time education is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16. A very high proportion of young people continue in full-time education, or part-time education and training, until the age of 18. Education during the primary and secondary stages is general rather than vocational.
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Primary education takes place in infant schools (pupils aged from 5 to 7 years) and junior schools (from 8 to 11 years). Secondary schools are usually much larger than primary schools and most children - over 80 per cent - go to a comprehensive school at the age of 11. These schools are not selective - you do not have to pass an exam to go there.
At the age of 14 or 15, in the third or fourth form of secondary school, pupils begin to choose their exam subjects. At sixteen students, take the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It replaced two previous examinations: the Certificate of Secondary Education, which indicated satisfactory completion of secondary education, and the General Certificate of Education, which was for higher academic achievers.
Further Education
Many people decide to leave school at the age of sixteen and go to a Further Education College. Here most of the courses are linked to some kind of practical vocational training, for example in engineering, typing, cooking or hairdressing. Full-time courses are provided in universities, polytechnics, Scottish central institutions, colleges of higher and further education, and technical, art and agricultural colleges.
Today there are over fifty universities in Britain, compared with only seventeen in 1945. They fall into four broad categories: the ancient English foundations, the ancient Scottish ones, the 'redbrick' universities, and the 'plate-glass' ones. They are all private institutions, receiving direct grants from central government.
Oxford and Cambridge, founded in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries respectively, are easily the most famous of Britain's universities. Today 'Oxbridge', as the two together are known, educate less than one tenth of Britain's total university student population. Nevertheless, they continue to attract many of the best brains.
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There is also a highly successful Open University, which provides every person in Britain with the opportunity to study for a degree, without leaving his or her home. It is particularly designed for adults who regret missed opportunities earlier. It conducts learning through correspondence and through local study centers.
Ex I. Remember synonyms to these words:
1) to teach - to instruct - to coach - to train - to educate;
2) teacher - instructor - tutor - coach - trainer;
3) to enjoy - to take pleasure in - to take delight in - to derive pleasure from;
4) to make up - to collect - to get together - to constitute - to form - to compose;
5) to create - to originate - to bring into being - to call into existence - to make.
Ex II. Match the word with the corresponding definition:
1) compulsory a) training that teaches you the skills you need to do a
particular job;
2) vocational b) a system of education in which pupils of different abilities
go to the same school or are taught in the same class;
3) comprehensive c) something that is compulsory must be done because it is the
law or because someone in authority orders you to;
4) curriculum d) an official organization or a local government department
which controls public affairs, provides public services;
5) background e) an official plan that is intended to help people in some way;
6) scheme f) the events in the past that explain why something has
happened in the way that it has;
7) to site g) to persuade someone to do something;
8) to convince h) to make a judgment about a person or situation after
thinking carefully about it;
9) to assess i) be placed or built in a particular place;
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10) authority j) the subjects that are taught by a school, college etc. or the
things that are studied in a particular subject.
Ex III. Find in the text the English for:
початкова освіта; широкий вибір предметів; обов'язкова освіта; підвищувати освітній рівень; підтримувати стару систему граматичних шкіл; реагувати на потреби та інтереси своїх учнів; вища освіта; підготовка до тестів; забезпечувати школу грошима, книжками і т. п.; оцінювати класну та домашню роботу учнів; професійне навчання; обдаровані діти; най здібніші діти; трирічний курс навчання; проводити навчання поштою (через листування).
THE US EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Americans believe that all citizens should be given the opportunity to study and learn in order to develop their talents and abilities. The aim of education is also to teach young citizens how to contribute to society through good citizenship.
Most Americans spend many years earning an education. There are several levels in the US system of education. Schools range from nursery schools for young children to universities for adult higher education. Many children attend nursery school, or preschool. Nursery school usually 
accepts children three and four years old. Many public school systems start with kindergarten classes for five- and six-year-old children. Many children enter the first grade of elementary school at the age of six. In elementary school students learn the building blocks of education - reading, writing, and arithmetic. The curriculum also includes subjects such as history, science, health, art, music and physical education. Children attend elementary school for five to nine years, depending on how the school system is arranged.
Grades 7, 8, 9 usually make up junior high school. Many school systems have replaced junior high schools with middle or intermediate schools. Middle schools usually include grades 5 or 6 through 8. Some middle schools include only grades 7 and 8.
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Students who have completed the first eight or nine grades enter high school. There are generally three kinds of high schools. Academic high schools prepare students for college. Technical and vocational high schools enable students to learn a trade or occupation. Comprehensive high schools offer college preparatory work as well as technical or vocational courses.
The US higher education
The need for higher education in the United States has grown with advances in knowledge and technology. Many jobs now require college and university training. Therefore, high school students are encouraged to earn as much education as they can.
2. Робота з граматичним матеріалом Теперішній неозначений час.The Present Indefinite Tense.
Ex.1.Make these sentences interrogative and negative.
1. I often meet my friend here. 2. You go to the factory every day. 3. I read newspapers every morning. 4. His sisters always give me books. 5. He reads newspapers at home. 6. She goes to the disco every Sunday. 7. It helps. 8. They often come here. 9. We write questions at home. 10. He often sends me English books.
Ex. 2.Read quickly inserting DO or DOES.
1. … you like English? 2. …your friend like it? 3. … he often come here? 4. … your friend drink coffee in the morning? 5. … you smoke during the breaks? 6. … you like picture in my dining-room? 7. …they come in time? 8. … you know him? 9. … he live in a house or in a flat? 10. … she like tennis?
Ex. 3.Translate into English using the verbs in Present Simple.
1. Коли ви встаєте? — Я встаю о сьомій. 2. Коли встає твій брат? — Він встає о пів на восьму. — А твоя сестра теж встає о пів на восьму? — Ні. Мій брат ходить до школи, а моя сестра не ходить до школи. Вона ще не учениця. Вона встає о дев’ятій. 3. Мій брат працює в лікарні. Він лікар. Він встає о шостій. Він працює вранці та вдень. Увечері він не працює. Увечері він відпочіває (rest). 4. Твоя сестра розмовляє французською? — Ні. Вона розмовляє німецькою, а її чоловік розмовляє англійською.
3. Робота з текстом за професійним спрямуванням: Disabled people
Task: read the text; translate, be ready to answer the questions and retell the text
Sadas it is, every year thousands of children are born with mental disordersand physical deformities, thousands of people meet with accidents. However, only in a few civilized states the problems and needs of the disabledare given proper attentionand care. In the remaining countries, including Ukraine, discriminationagainst people with physical and mental disabilities is still being practiced in many areas of social life.
For decades, the handicapped have been refused their basic rights. Their job applications were turned down, their active participation in business life has been disallowed on most occasions and there has been little interest in their convenience in public transport. But the less fit part of society wants to be treated in the same way as healthy people and to be normal members of society. They do not expect our mercy but rather understanding and acceptance. For this reason, these people should first be helped to develop their skills and abilities in order to get a job. This is very important because work gives sense and direction to their lives.
It is also very important for us to change our own attitude towards the handicapped. They need our help and support and we should not treat them as inferior, worse people.
What else can be done for them? There should be more schools where disabled children can learn together with fit ones. Also in public buildings there should be rampsfor wheelchairs.
There should be special invalid cars, which enable the handicapped to enjoy greater mobility. We should do everything to make the life of the disabled easier and more comfortable; we should remember that no one has insurance against becoming disabled.
Vocabulary
1) mental disorders — розумовий розлад
2) deformity — каліцтво
3) disabled people — непрацездатні люди, інваліди
4) care — піклування, турбота
5) disability — фізична неспроможність, безсилля, непрацездатність
6) the handicapped — люди, які мають розумові або фізичні вади, інваліди
7) refuse — відмовити
8) application — заява
9) turn down — відмовити
10) participation — участь
11) occasion — випадок
12) convenience — зручність, вигода
13) expect — сподіватися, чекати
14) mercy— милосердя
15) acceptance визнання, сприймання (чогось)
16) reason-— причина
17) skill — майстерність, вміння, abilities — здібності
18) in order to ...— для того, щоб
19) get a job — отримати роботу
20) attitude — відношення, ставлення
21) support — підтримка
22) inferior — тут: неповноцінний
23) ramp — скат, спуск (Push a wheelchair up/down a ramp).
1. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F), according to the text?
1. The main source of physical deformities is road accidents.
2. The disabled are discriminated against in all countries of the world.
3. Disabled people take an active part in business in Ukraine.
4. The handicapped want us to be merciful to them.
5. The disabled should be helped to get a job, first of all.
6. Disabled children should study in separate schools, apart from ordinary children.
7. People with physical deformities should not go out because they can hurt themselves.
2. Give the English equivalents of the following words:
заява, зручність, милосердя, належність, ставлення, визнання, участь, майстерність, випадок, сподіватися, цивілізовані держави.
3. Give the Ukrainian equivalents to the following words:
Disability, deformity, reason, society, to refuse, mental disorders, to turn down
Література:
1. О. Письменная. Английский язык: экология и охрана окружающей среды: - К.: ООО «ИП Логос-М», М.: ООО «Айрис-прес, 2007. – 368с
2. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповнене – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.
4. Гужва Т. М. Англійська мова: Розмовні теми: Навч. посіб. Для студентів фак. Інозем. Філології, університетів, ліцеїв, гімназій та коледжів. – Харків: Фоліо, 2005. – 414с.
5. Бессонова І. В. Англійська мова (за професійним спрямуванням). Навчальний посібник для дистанційного навчання. – К.: Університет «Україна», 2005. – 263с.
Практичне заняття № 3
Тема: Дослідження американського континенту. Політична система країни та економічний розвиток США.
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