The 1908 Tunguska Explosion: Atmospheric Disruption of a Stony Asteroid

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The explosion over Tunguska, Central Siberia, in 1908 released 10 to 20 megatons (high explosive equivalent) of energy at an altitude of about 10 km. This event represents a typical fate for stony asteroids tens of meters in radius entering the Earth's atmosphere at common hypersonic velocities. Comets and carbonaceous asteroids of the appropriate energy disrupt too high, whereas typical iron objects reach and crater the terrestrial surface.

Light Nights over Eurasia

Widespread "light nights" were observed over Eurasia for the first few nights after the Tunguska event. The Tungliska explosion may have lofted enough material high enough to account for the European "light nights".

Ch. F. Chyba, Paul J. Thomas & Kevin J. Zahnle, Monthly Nature

КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ

I. Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните глаголы в различных временах. Определите, в каком лице и числе стоит глагол.

II. Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их на русский язык. Определите видо-временную форму глагола в страдательном залоге.

III. Выразите числительные буквами и цифрами.

IV. Перепишите предложения. Определите степени сравнения прилагательных. Переведите предложения.

V. Прочтите текст. Перепишите его и письменно переведите.

VI. Выпишите все глаголы-сказуемые из текста и определите их видо-временные формы. Переведите предложения.

ВАРИАНТ 1

I. Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните глаголы в PRESENT SIMPLE. Определите, в каком лице и числе стоит глагол.

1)You’ll have some time to relax before dinner if you are tired after the journey.

2)I usually work in the roads department but this month I’m working in the tunnels department.

3)I read an interesting novel yesterday.

1)Houses are built very quickly now.

2)A new theatre will be built here next year.

3)America was discovered by Christopher Columbus.

III. Напишите числительные полностью.

1)the 1st

2)206

3)the 25th

4)1.985

5)130

IV. Перепишите предложения. Определите степени сравнения прилагательных. Переведите предложения.

1)San Francisco is smaller than London.

2)The laziest animal in the world is the koala bear.

3)Moscow is more expensive than Rostov.

V. Прочтите текст. Перепишите его и письменно переведите.

A Job in Engineering

There are lots of different types of engineering. The one thing they have in common is that they all use Maths and Science to improve industry and manufacturing. The whole science of engineering can be broadly divided into three main areas:

• civil engineering (buildings, roads, etc.)

• mechanical engineering (machines, including tool-making)

• electrical engineering (electricity, lighting, etc.)

Each of these three main areas can be divided again into specialist subjects: civil engineering covers mining and bridge building, mechanical engineering covers aeronautical and automobile engineering, electrical engineering covers electricity generation and wiring.

When you know exactly which area you are interested in and think realistically about what sort of person you are, then you can decide what sort of engineer you want to be.

VI. Выпишите все глаголы-сказуемые из текста и определите их видо-временные формы. Переведите предложения.

ВАРИАНТ 2

I. Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните глаголы в PAST SIMPLE. Определите, в каком лице и числе стоит глагол.

1)Yesterday I woke up early, got dressed, ate a sandwich, drank my coffee and rushed to the university.

2)When I looked at them they weren’t just laughing, they were in hysterics.

3)If you want to do some shopping you will have time to stroll about the Oxford Street.

1)The newspapers were brought for breakfast in time.

2)This urgent problem is being discussed at the conference now.

3) English is spoken all over the world nowadays.

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