Робота над граматичним матеріалом. Revision. Перепишіть речення у пасивному стані:

1. Що таке пасивний стан дієслова?
2. Як утворюються часові форми пасивного стану в англійській мові?
3. Часові форми якої групи не вживаються у пасивному стані?

Перепишіть речення у пасивному стані:

Model: They grow wheat here. – Wheat is grown here.

1. The girls water the flowers every day.
2. We don’t discuss such questions at our meetings.
3. My sister teaches me English.
4. They will not finish the work tomorrow.
5. Mary has lost her keys.
6. Our music teacher was conducting the orchestra.
7. The travelers made camp not far from the village.
8. His assistant will meet the delegation.
9. The workers are repairing the road.
10. Somebody built this castle in the 16^th century.

Література:

1. Л.В. Мисик, А.Л. Арцишевська, Л.Р. Кузнєцова, Л.Л. Поплавська. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред. доц. Мисик Л.В. – Підручник. – К.: Атіка, 2000. – 368с.

 

 

Практичне заняття № 4

Тема: Роль вивчення іноземних мов у формуванні особистості майбутнього фахівця.

    The answer should be easy. English is a universal language (global language in case we are not the only creature who can speak.) The world has changed. We can no longer live alone in our country anymore. If you want to learn the world you need to learn English....

       With IT, we can open ourselves to the world and the only way we can connect to the world is to the universal language. If you are a business man you would have to learn English to expand your business to oversea.If you are students you would have to learn English for your own bright future or, at least, pass the exam.

       If you are an employee you would have to learn English for the benefit of your career.

Even if you are just a street walker you still want to learn English to understand what's going on in the world....

       No matter whom you are. Learn English is very important. You can't avoid it and do not avoid it before you getting too far behind.

Індивідуальне читання за фахом THE SLAVS' STRUGGLE AGAINST THE GERMAN FEUDAL LORDS

The Germanic feudal lords were eager to seize the Slavonic lands and to turn the Slavs into serfs.

Late in the 10th century horse troops of a Germanic king crossed the Labe. The Germanic feudal lords waged that war with extraordinary ferocity.

The Polab and Pomore Slavs fought bravely against the invaders. But their tribes were isolated. They fought separately, and were therefore unable to withstand the onslaught of the Germanic feudal lords.

The subjugated tribes had to pay heavy tribute. The Slavs were forced to embrace the Christian faith. The Germanic lords built their estates, fortresses and monasteries on Slavonic lands. The Slavs were driven away from their lands into forests and marshlands and their former holdings were occupied by Germanic settlers.

Late in the 10th century the Slavs rose up in rebellion. They burned down fortresses and monasteries and killed the feudal lords and bishops. The Germanic king's troops were driven into a marsh and almost completely destroyed. The Polab Slavs succeeded in keeping their freedom for nearly two centuries. But in the 12th century the Germanic feudal lords launched another offensive and seized Slavonic lands between the Labe and Odre.

1. Who wanted to seize the Slavonic lands?

2. When did the Germanic troops cross the Labe?

3. Why couldn't the Slavs withstand the onslaught of the enemies?

4. When did the Slavs rise up in rebellion?

5. The Germanic king's troops were destroyed, weren't they?

6. When did they launch another offensive?

Модуль самостійної роботи:

1. Повторення граматичного матеріалу.

2. Словник-мінімум для користувача комп’ютера.

3. Анотування газетної статті за фахом.

Індивідуальна робота за семестр:

1. Індивідуальне читання за фахом.

2. Словник-мінімум (за професійним спрямуванням).

 

:KIEV RUS

 The state of the Eastern Slavs, the Kiev Rus, was formed in the 9th century with its capital in the city of Kiev. The basis of this state was formed by a tribe of Polyanye, called Rus. The majority of Eastern Slav tribes united around this tribe in the 9th-11th centuries.

The Kiev princes had a big army and many ships. They undertook campaigns to the shores of the Black and Caspian Seas. Russian merchants traded with the European and eastern countries.

The Grand Duke of Kiev was the supreme ruler. The druzhina, his garrison, was divided into elders (the Boyars¹ and the Duke's men ) and the juniors (the gridi and otroki³). The grand Duke's garrison took part in discussing state affairs.

Rudimentary relations of a slave system existed in Kiev Rus, but they never developed further. The growth of the productive forces provided the basis for the development of feudal relations in Kiev Rus.

The crafts were developing and were gradually breaking away from agriculture. In time the towns became the centres of crafts. In this respect Kiev Rus superceded Western Europe, where this process took shape during the period of developed feudal relations. The Chronicles note the existence of 89 towns in the 11th-century Rus.

Over 60 different trades were known in the 12th century Russian towns and over 150 different articles of iron and steel were manufactured. However, the insufficient social division of labour and the natural type of economy held back the development of home trade.

Foreign trade was more highly developed. One could find Russian merchants in Araby, Byzantium⁴, Poland, Germany, etc.

In the 11th and early 12th centuries Kiev Rus was a powerful, economically developing state.

Notes:

the Boyars - бояре

the Duke's men - княжеские мужи

the gridi and otroki - гриди и отроки

Byzantium - г. Византия

 

 

RUSSIA UNDER PETER THE GREAT

After Russia defeated Sweden she became one of Europe's strongest powers. Great changes took place in her economy, the level of cultural development and system of government.

Peter the Great enjoyed boundless power. He ruled the country with the help of a large body of officials which was selected from among the nobles.

It was impossible to govern the country and command the army and navy without educated people. At the orders of Peter the Great schools were started to teach the children of the nobility mathematics, the handling of ships and artillery, medicine and foreign languages. Some people were sent to continue their education in Britain, Holland or France. The tsar liked to promote capable and gifted people from other classes as well.

Commerce and trade with other countries developed. Russia began to have a greater influence on international affairs. Her strength grew and she came to be known as the Russian Empire.

All the new changes in the country were ordered by Peter the Great and he himself took a hand in carrying them out. In many respects he was very unlike other tsars who had ruled Russia before him. He was an outstanding statesman and a brilliant military leader who took part in many battles on land and sea. He was well educated for those times, having a good knowledge of mathematics, artillery and ships. He was also a good turner, carpenter, locksmith and blacksmith. Still, he was an aristocratic ruler. He was often rough and cruel.

Thousands of serfs were forced to work at factories, dig canals and build cities. They were also forced to serve in the army. The peasant serfs, poor townspeople and opressed peoples rebelled time and again.

 

 

Індивідуальна робота за семестр:

1. Індивідуальне читання за фахом.

2. Словник-мінімум (за професійним спрямуванням).

appearance                                             появление
apprentice                                               отдавать в учение
apprenticeship                                         обучение (ремеслу),

baronage                                                 бароны, сословие баронов   

branch                                                  отрасль      

cease                                                       прекращать (ся)         

charter                                                     хартия, грамота         

claim                                                       требовать

competitor                                               конкурент, соперник           

conquer                                                   завоевывать   

contain                                                    содержать       

craftsman                                                ремесленник  

damage                                                   повреждать     

deal                                                         наносить (удар)         

decay                                                       упадок, распад          

decline                                                     падение, упадок       

defeat                                                       наносить поражение           

demand                                                   требовать       

departure                                                 отъезд, уход   

domination                                              господство     

draft                                                         проект  

duke                                                         герцог  

emergence                                               появление      

employ                                                    нанимать

enterprise                                                предприятие   

failure                                                      неудача, провал        

forbid                                                       запрещать      

frequent                                                   частый  

huge                                                        огромный       

illegal                                                      нелегальный  

inhabitant                                                житель   

intensify                                                  усиливать(ся) 

introduction                                            введение         

invasion                                                  вторжение      

invincible                                                непобедимый 

land                                                         высаживать(ся) (на берег)

majority                                                  большинство  

minority                                                 меньшинство

mixture                                                   смесь      

numerous                                               многочисленный   
occupation                                             занятие

patronize                                                опекать, покровительствовать    

pay                                                          плата, выплата          

perform                                                  выполнять       

predominant                                                преобладающий         

pretext                                                    предлог, отговорка    

produce                                                  производить   

profitable                                               прибыльный, доходный   
prosperity                                              процветание, благосостояние    

punish                                                    наказывать      

put (down)                                            подавлять (силой)

raid                                                         набег     

range                                                       протяжение, пространство  

rebel                                                        повстанец, мятежник

receive                                                         получать         

refer                                                        упоминать

refuse                                                      отказывать, отвергать          

regard                                                     рассматривать, считать         

reign                                                       царствовать, господствовать           

remind                                                    напоминать    

resist                                                       сопротивляться          

revive                                                      восстанавливать, возобновлять      

rival                                                         соперник, конкурент

select                                                        выбирать, отбирать 

abolition                           отмена, уничтожение

absorb                              поглощать                   

acquire                             приобретать                

acute                                  острый                       

appear                                появляться

appoint                              назначать                   

approach                            подход                       

appropriate                        присваивать               

artisan                               ремесленник              

belong                               принадлежать            

carry                                  (on) v совершать, вести      

consider                             рассматривать      
considerable                      значительный, большой    

craft                                   ремесло                      

decisive                             решающий                 

deprive                              лишать                   
distinctive                         отличительный, характерный  

divine                                божественный           

division                             разделение                 

embodiment                     воплощение                

emerge                               появляться, возникать        

emperor                             император                  

empire                               империя                      

establish                            устанавливать            

estate                                 имение                       

evolve                                развивать                   

exist                                   существовать            

existence                            существование         

favourable                          благоприятный        

feature                                черта, особенность  

feudal                                  феодальный             

feudal lord                          помещик                   

gradually                            постепенно               

head                                   (towards) направляться, держать курс (на) 

hire                                     нанимать                   

transition                            переход

tribute                                 дань                           

undergo                              испытывать, подвергаться

unification                              объединение

various                                различный, разный 

wage                                   вести, бороться за что-л.   

warfare                                война                        

weaken                                ослаблять                 

widespread                          широко распространенный         

 

Ancient History                         древняя история

Contemporary History               новейшая история

Modern History                         новая история

World History                            всеобщая история

Historic                                      исторический (важный)        

Historical                                   исторический    

hostile                                        вражеский

humanity                                    человечество

humanities                                 гуманитарные науки

impede                                       тормозить, препятствовать   

implement                                  орудие труда     

income                                        доход                 

 

---

Дата добавления: 2018-02-15; просмотров: 655; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!

Поделиться с друзьями:

---

---

Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!