Activity 13. Speak on the latest trends in the hardware system development.
Activity 14. Brainstorm the current issues of e-waste nowadays. What makes it hazardous? What are the possible solutions?
Activity 15. Write a paragraph commenting on the statement in Activity 8 above.
TEST
1 | What is the logical relationship between the concepts “fix - damage”: a) general and specific b) cause and effect c) method and purpose d) contrast |
2 | What is the logical relationship between “output device” and “printer”: a) general – specific b) method – purpose c) part – whole d) equivalence |
3 | What is the logical relationship between “CPU” and “mother board”: a) general – specific b) method – purpose c) part – whole d) equivalence |
4 | The information was held ___ computer for regular operations. a) into b) in c) on d) to |
5 | A piece of fiberglass or other material upon which an array of computer chips is mounted is known as a ___ . a) mother board b) transistor c) card d) board |
6 | All of these are input devices EXCEPT FOR: a) webcamb) keyboard c) printer d) mouse |
7 | All of these are output devices EXCEPT FOR: a) video card b) projector c) sound card d) webcam |
8 | Mark the odd word: a) break-up b) break off c) breakdown d) break in |
9 | All of these collocate with the word “process” EXCEPT FOR: a) information b) password c) data d) output |
10 | The period of time when sth is not in operation, especially as a result of a malfunction is called ___time. a) up b) on c) down d) over |
11 | Volatile memory, contrary to ____-volatile memory requires power to maintain the stored information. a) non-b) un c) im d) in |
12 | All of these are synonymous to the word “maintain” EXCEPT FOR: a) keep b) regain c) sustain d) preserve |
13 | All of these can follow the noun “printer” EXCEPT FOR: a) cable b) port c) ribbon d) board |
14 | The decoder at the other end converts the sequence of beeps back ___ a code which identifies the caller. a) to b) in c) on d) into |
15 | The manufacturing ___ is relatively simple a) procedures b) proceeding c) process d) proceedings |
16 | Mark the odd word: a) rotary b) rotative c) rotatory d) rotation |
17 | The broken machine needs ____. a) despair b) compare c) repair d) impair |
18 | That accident involved a truck with ____ brakes. a) fault b) faultless c) faulty d) faultness |
19 | The company claims to have reduced machine ___. a) downtime b) time c) uptime d) time out |
20 | The part of a computer in which operations are controlled and executed is known as (a)___. a) Bluetooth b) Wi-Fi c) CPU d) server |
Module 5. SOFTWARE
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№ | Term | Definition | Usage |
1 | Add (v) | join or put sth in(to) sth else so as to increase the size, number, or amount | ~ a(n) function/program/text/image; ~ on program/weight; addition (n): in ~ to; additive (n); added (adj); additional (adj); syn. augment ant. subtract, deduct |
2 | Application (n) | a formal request to an authority; a set of one or more programs designed to carry out operations for a specific purpose which are unable to run on their own and depend on the system software to execute | documentation/graphics/presentation /spreadsheet and statistical/data management/file management/ information and reference software/ education and training/entertainment /accounting and finance/business ̴ ; ~ of force; develop/set up/uninstall /update an ~; apply (v): ~ for a job/post/position; applied (adj): ~ science/mathematics; (non)applicable (adj); applicational (adj) |
3 | BIOS (abbr) Basic Input/Output System | the program code and data stored in the permanent memory and used for booting process | ~ setup; embedded/flash ~; display the ~ information |
4 | Boot (v) | kick sth hard in a specified direction; turn on a computer and get into the operating system | ~ a(n) accelerator/application/band/computer/code/disc/drive/menu/sector/virus; booting (n): the ~ drive/environment /procedure/ process/sequence/stage; bootable (adj): a ~ CD/drive/diskette; reboot (v); syn. reset, (re)start |
5 | Catalogue (n) | an itemized list of titles, course offerings, or articles for exhibition or sale, including descriptive information or illustrations; a publication containing such a list | a ~ code/of samples/name; enter in/make a ~ of; catalogue (v): ~ business/buyers/by authors; cataloguing (n): ~ problem; catalogued (adj), cataloguer (n); syn. archive, directory |
6 | Cluster (n) | a group of similar things or people positioned or occurring closely together; a group of connected computers; the smallest managed section of a hard drive that holds a file | cluster (adj): ~ address/administrator/ administration/allocation/acceleration/bomb; form/organize ~(s); clustered (adj): ~ access/database/index; syn. array, bunch |
7 | Compatible (adj) | able to exist or occur together without problems or conflict; matching the previous versions of software, operating systems or hardware devices | backward/downward~; ~ application/browser/circuit/blood; syn. adaptable, appropriate, consistent; (in)compatibility (n); ant. incompatible |
8 | Context (n) | the circumstances that form a setting for an event, statement, or idea, in terms of which it can be fully understood | consider/examine/look at/see/ understand/view sth in the ~ of; general/larger/overall/wider/ educational/regional/historical/cultural ~; define/describe the ~; contextual (adj): ~ analysis/approach; context (adj): ~ switch/menu/area/ analysis/activation; syn. background, setting ant. foreground |
9 | Desktop (adj) | (of office appliances, such as photocopiers and printers) which can be fitted on top of a desk | ~ publishing/computer/apparatus/ computer/access/application/analysis/ environment/accessories/ configuration; ant. portable/wearable (computer) |
10 | Design (v) | decide upon the look and functioning of (a building, garment, or other object), by making its detailed drawing | ~ a book/building/curriculum; redesign (v); design (n): ~ approval/ arrangement/automation; designer (n): ~ fashion/clothes /label/aids; syn. architecture, layout |
11 | Driver (n) | a person who drives a vehicle; a program that controls the operation of a device such as a printer or a scanner | a(n) device/hardware/software/ upgrade /test ~; (un)install/update a ~; drive (v): ~ a car/vehicle/at sth; ~ innovation; driverless (adj); driving (adj, n): the main/principal ~ force of/behind sth; ~ license, reckless ~ |
12 | Embed (v) | fix (an object) firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass; incorporate sth (a text, a code, a picture) within the body of a file or document | ~ a(n) channel/file/chip/structure/ function/system/operation/ technology/software in(to) sth; embedding (n), embeddable (adj), embedded (adj): ~ OS; syn. enclose, insert, incorporate |
13 | Emulate (v) | match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation; reproduce the function or action of a different computer, software system, etc. | ~ a sound/action/design/environment/ one’s father/sb’s hairstyle/sb’s success; emulation (n), emulator (n), emulative (adj); syn. imitate, copy, follow sb’s suit |
14 | Encapsulate (v) | enclose sth in or as if in a capsule; provide an interface for a piece of software or hardware to allow or simplify access for the user | ~ a layer/information/program/code; encapsulation (n), encapsulated (adj) |
15 | Function (n) | an activity that is natural to or the purpose of sb/sth; a basic task of a computer, especially one that corresponds to a single instruction from the user | built-in/system/value/virtual/ annual/social ~; fulfill/perform/attend a ~; ~ procedure/editor/reference/ template; function (v): ~ as a robot/ normally; (non/dis)functional (adj), functionally (adv), functionality (n); syn. feature, activity, operation |
16 | Icon (n) | sb or sth regarded as a representative symbol or as worthy of veneration; a symbol or graphic representation on a screen of a program, option, or window | pop/rock/fashion ~; ~ bar/control/ editor/-based/-driven; program/document ~; create/change an ~; iconic (adj): ~ structure/path/interface /model; syn. picture, symbol |
17 | Implement (v) | put a decision, plan, agreement, etc. into effect | ~ a(n) scenario/action/plan/ agreement; implementation (n): program ~; ~ chart/file/defect/error/ pattern; implement (n): garden ~ (s); implementer(or) (n); implementable (adj); implementability (n); syn. achieve, carry out |
18 | Install (v) | place or fix equipment or machinery in position ready for use; copy all of the necessary files to run a software program on a computer | ~ (a) software/driver/process; installer (n); installing (n); installed (adj): ~ equipment/capacity/base; installation (n): ~ aids/company/costs/ directions/instruction/manual/process/program/tool/wizard; installability (n); installable (adj): ~ device/driver/ RAM; syn. put in place, set ant. uninstall |
19 | Interface (n) | a point where two systems, subjects, organizations, etc. meet and interact; a device or program enabling a user to communicate with a computer | system/program/graphical/object/user/functional ~; ~ adapter/agent/area/ card/channel/connection/ element/design/functionality/kit/ protocol; interface (v): ~ with another system or person, interfaced (adj); interfacial (adj): ~ connection/failure/ joint/resistance/tension; interfacing (n): ~ capability/circuit/protocol/ software; syn. interact with, connect with; Cf. GUI (Graphical User Interface) WIMP (Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointer) |
20 | Iteration (n) | repetition of a process or utterance; repetition of a function or process in a computer program; a new version of a piece of computer hardware or software | ~ cycle/algorithm/function/factor/ index/loop/mode; iterate (v): ~ a(n) operation/function/ process; iterative (adj): ~ algorithm/analysis/approach/ code/ calculation/circuit/formula/ function/ filter/method/network/ procedure/ technique; reiterate (v); iterating (adj); iterated (adj): ~ code/form/graph/operator; syn. repetition |
21 | Kernel (n) | the central or most important part of sth; the most basic level or core of an operating system, responsible for resource allocation, file management, and security | ~ debugger/call/function/mode/driver; ~ of security/action/integral; program/real-time/separable/expanded /security ~; address/define a ~; syn. center, core ant. periphery |
22 | Launch (v) | set (a newly built ship or boat) afloat for the first time with an official ceremony; send (a missile, satellite, or spacecraft) on its course; start or set in motion (an activity or program) | ~ a campaign/program/vessel/ warship/rocket/spaceship; launch (n): a ~ angle/power/team/ window; launcher (n): a waveguide ~; launching (n): a ~ pad/basin/fiber/rail/ site/tower; launchpad (n); launchway (n): ~ operation; syn. start, commence ant. end, finish |
23 | License (n) | an agreement that allows sb or sth to use a service or perform an action as long as they agree to the terms provided therein | obtain/revoke a ~; grant a ~ to sb; ~ agreement/fee/key/contract/holder; ~ -free; shrink-wrap/group/ corporate ~; licensed (adj): ~ software/product/ dealer/party; licensee (n); licenser (or) (n); licensing (adj): ~ procedure/scheme, service; syn. certificate, warrant, permit |
24 | Menu (n) | the food available or to be served in a restaurant or at a meal; a list from which to choose; a list of commands or facilities displayed on screen | icon-driven/quick access/drop-down/context/pull-down/pop-up/application/feature/cascading ~; ~ box/button/access/choice/ entry/key/-driven/-guided/type/bar; click on/choose from/change the ~ |
25 | OS (abbr) Operating System | the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals | ~ failure/design/kernel/management; server/user/home edition/virtual/ multiuser/multitasking/ multiprocessing/mobile ~; (un)install/update/change/reconfigure/be compatible with an ~ |
26 | Package (n) | an object or group of objects wrapped in paper or packed in a box; software that is bunched together to make a complete set | ~ advertising/contract/deal/file/ holiday/module/offer/paper/tour; ~ of subcontract works; build/create a ~; packaged (adj): ~ software/system/ unit; packager (n); packaging (n): ~ density/film/machine/process/robot; syn. kit, parcel, container |
27 | Pointer (n) | a long, thin piece of metal on a scale or dial which moves to indicate a figure or position; a movable indicator on a computer screen identifying the point that will be affected by input from the user | ~ device/instrument/operation/ token/tool/-driven/-linked; screen/control/base/vertical/ address ~; point (n): boiling/freezing/hot ~; bring up/raise/concede/yield/cover/discuss/ emphasize/stress/underscore a ~; speak to the ~; at a ~; on this ~; point (v): ~ out problems/errors; pointless (adj): ~ argument; syn. cursor, arrow, issue |
28 | Recover (v) | return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength; stabilize or take a computer or electronic device back to a point when it was stable; restore a deleted file | ~ command/function/from an error; recovery (n): system ~, ~ bug/control/ data/factor/node/period/process/rate/ work/time; recoverer (n): program ~; recovered (adj): ~ file/heat/oil/signal; recovering (n): ~ time/probability; (ir)recoverable (adj): ~ error/failure/ reserves; (ir)recoverability (n); syn. reclaim, regain, restore |
29 | Release (v) | allow or enable to escape from confinement; set free; make (a film, recording, or other product) available to the public | ~ a film/disc/book/button/prisoner; release (n): ~ date/key/node, ~ of pressure/information/fluid; released (adj): ~ capacity/state/version; releaser (n); syn. (set) free, let go, issue |
30 | Script (n) | handwriting as distinct from print; an automated series of instructions carried out in a specific order; a small non-compiled program written for a scripting language or the command interpreter | ~ file/language/font; command/machine/writer ~; (re)write/create/compose/delete/edit a ~; scripting (n): ~ engine/ programming language; inscription (n), inscribe (v) |
31 | Software (n) | the programs and other operating information used by a computer | trial/open source/bundled/commercial/ edutainment/public domain/ encryption/licensed ~; (un)install/configure/release/maintain/design/debug/distribute/implement/ manage/control/test ~; ~ bug/cache/ command/component/configuration /debugging/design/distribution/ engineering/failure/implementation/ life-cycle/management/ piracy/publisher/ utility; ~-based controller/design; syn. program ant. hardware |
32 | Specification (n) | an act of identifying sth precisely or of stating a precise requirement; description of an invention accompanying an application for a patent | ~ change/deficiency/error/limit/ requirements/review/statement/writer; ~ of contract/cargo/tolerances; specify (v): ~ the(a) needs/conditions/ offer/diagnosis/extension; specificity (n): ~ of test/construction; specified (adj): ~ behavior/criteria/constraints/ conditions/load/number/quality/ temperature/time; syn. stipulation, parameter, condition |
33 | System (n) | a complex whole; a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network; a group of related programs or hardware units or both, especially when dedicated to a single application | ~ requirements/engineer/interface/ analyst/area/approach/architecture/ board/bus/code/console/control/crash/debugging/design/disc/element/failure/library/memory/menu/registry; (re)set/start/boot/(un)install/update/ change/(re)configure/access a ~; application/ computer/back-up/binary/ control/ error-correcting/detecting/ information ~; syn. scheme, structure ant. chaos, disorder |
34 | Task (n) | a piece of work to be done or undertaken; an activity or a piece of work which CPU has to perform, usually as part of a larger project | active/current ~; perform/set/ fulfill/complete/carry out/ cancel/abandon/undertake/ assign/entrust sb with a ~; ~-based approach/allocation/ activation/assignment/group/list/ plan/queue; ~ scheduler/priority/ queue/register/table/bar; syn. assignment, undertaking Cf. multitasking |
35 | Update (v) | make sth more modern or up-to-date; download a software file that contains refreshed information and various fixes | ~ a status/software/file; update (n): news/automatic/ manual/timely ~, ~ rate/time; updated (adj): ~ program/antivirus/file /database/information/version/sample; updater (n): table ~; updating (n): batch/file/memo/screen ~; syn. modernize, renovate ant. outdated, out-of-date |
36 | Utility (n) | the state of being useful, profitable, or beneficial; system software designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer | public/debugging/disk compression/ maintenance/setup ~; ~ allocation/ area/core/computing/device/ equipment/function/kernel; (un)install/update/change a ~; public ~ies; utilize (v): ~ fully/partially; utilizable (adj): ~ waste; utilization (n): ~ coefficient/ factor/level/parameter/property/rate; utilized (adj); utilizer (n); syn. service Cf. recycle |
37 | Version (n) | a particular form of sth differing in certain respects from an earlier form or other forms of the same type of thing; a particular release of a piece of computer software | demo/beta/active/trial/professional/ crippled/licensed ~; ~ control/ management/tracking; release/copy a ~; versioning (n); syn. form, variant |
38 | Widget (n) | an application, or a component of an interface that enables a user to perform a function or access a service; an additional feature or extension to a software program, OS GUI, or a web page, which enables additional features | ~ library/set; un(install)/update/change /reconfigure a ~; syn. gizmo, apparatus, appliance, device |
39 | -ware (n) | manufactured articles of a specified type; type of software | share/demo/ad/group/spy/cripple/crap/ mal/free/stone/table/kitchen/metal ~; syn. commodity |
40 | Window (n) | an opening in the wall or roof of a building or vehicle, to admit light or air; a framed area on a display screen for viewing information | ~ control/frame/menu/space/width; ~-based OS; ~ of vulnerability; acceptance/contact/display/help/ hidden/graphics/pop-up/welcome/ active/alert/application ~; overlapping ~s; bring up a ~; extend beyond the edge of the ~; windowed (adj): ~ address/registers; windowing (n): ~ environment/software/system; windowless (adj): ~ photo-multiplication |
1. New Oxford American Dictionary, 3rd Edition © 2010 by Oxford University Press Inc.
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2. Oxford Dictionary of English, 3rd Edition © Oxford University Press 2010
3. Англо-русский словарь по вычислительной технике и программированию: 8-е изд., испр. и доп. - ABBYY. - Масловский Е.К., 2008
4. Англо-русский толковый словарь по вычислительной технике, Интернету и программированию (8 изд., испр. и доп.). - Э. М. Пройдаков, Л. А. Теплицкий, 2011.
5. Англо-русский словарь по телекоммуникациям. - «РУССО». - Александров А.В. – 2011.
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1. Give synonyms:
1. boot | |
2. catalogue | |
3. design | |
4. embed | |
5. emulate | |
6. function | |
7. icon | |
8. implement |
Activity 2. Give antonyms:
1. add | |
2. context | |
3. install | |
4. kernel | |
5. launch | |
6. recover | |
7. release | |
8. system |
Activity 3. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:
Noun | Verb | Adjective | Adverb |
application | |||
installable | |||
iteratively | |||
pointer | |||
update | |||
implemented |
Activity 4. Complete the tables with words that form strong partnerships with the target vocabulary units:
Target vocabulary unit | Noun |
cluster | |
Target vocabulary unit | Noun |
desktop | |
Adjective | Target vocabulary unit |
interface | |
Verb | Target vocabulary unit |
software | |
Adjective | Target vocabulary unit |
utility | |
Target vocabulary unit | Noun |
specification | |
Adjective | Target vocabulary unit |
version | |
Activity 5. Match the given terms with their definitions:
1. shareware | A. adjunct software that displays advertising while the program it is attached to is running |
2. software | B. software designed to facilitate collective working by a number of different users |
3. freeware | C. software that self-installs on computers and tracks the user's Internet use, mainly for marketing purposes |
4. adware | D. software that is available free of charge and often distributed informally for evaluation, after which a fee may be requested for continued use |
5. groupware | E. software specifically designed to disrupt or damage a computer system |
6. spyware | F. the programs and other operating information used by a computer |
7. malware | G. software that is available without any payment |
Activity 6. Insert prepositions
- To work correctly, application softaware should be compatible ___ the operating system.
- The main driving force ____the technological progress is people’s laziness.
- The Microsoft Company granted a licensed software ____ the programmer who found a bug in the newly released Windows software.
- In every Microsoft Office application software there is a function to embed an image ___ the document.
- Click ______the drop-down menu to see all the options.
- The Word spellchecker will easily point _____errors in the document.
- Speak ___ the point, beacause we are pressed for time.
Activity 7. State the type of logical relations between the following concepts:
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