Read the following text and fill in the gaps with one suitable word.
Ancient (1) __________ is everything that was built in ancient times by ancient (2) __________ and is worthy of preservation and study due to archaeological or heritage interest. It could be buildings, (3)__________ , monuments, bridges, etc. The purposes of these structures were different. Some of the structures were (4) __________ for living (buildings), some for (5) __________ of the population (for example (6) __________ walls around the towns), some for religion ceremonies (for example (7)__________ , cathedrals), etc. Usually a construction was built by (8) __________ , who often died during hard work. The main (9) __________ for construction in ancient times were stone (10) __________ and (11)__________ ; later (12) __________ and bricks appeared. This time was the time of ancient (13) __________ where the design was based on (14) __________ rather than on (15) __________ and accurate calculations. But nevertheless, many of the structures were (16) __________ enough and can be seen and even used in present.
If the task was too difficult for you, take the words from the following box to fill in the gaps:
| labourers cement defensive walls blocks pyramids scientific structure used materials engineering civilizations protection strong earth experience |
Part III
(… адрес интернет-странички с видеороликами…)
SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD
(02:45)
PRE-LISTENING
1. Can you make a list of 7 wonders of the ancient world?
2. Were they built BC or AD?
3. Do all of them still exist?
4. What could destroy them? (p.a. - time, rain, earthquake, fire, flood, etc. - natural disasters; people, war, etc.)
5. Study the following words and phrases: “BC/AD”, “earthquake”, “fire”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video-track and fulfill the following tasks:
6. Put the 7 wonders of the ancient world in the order they appear in the track:
| Statue of Zeus at Olympia | |
| Colossus of Rhodes | |
| Great Pyramid of Giza | |
| Lighthouse of Alexandria | |
| Temple of Artemis at Ephesus | |
| Mausoleum of Halicarnassus | |
| Hanging Gardens of Babylon |
7. Complete the following table. Fill in information about the builders of a wonder, time of construction, their present existence, cause of destruction.
| Wonder | Builders | Time of construction | Time of destruction | Cause of destruction |
| Great Pyramid of Giza | ||||
| Hanging Gardens of Babylon | ||||
| Temple of Artemis at Ephesus | ||||
| Statue of Zeus at Olympia | ||||
| Mausoleum of Halicarnassus | ||||
| Colossus of Rhodes | ||||
| Lighthouse of Alexandria |
POST-LISTENING
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8. Choose any wonder from the list above and find additional information about it. Get ready to present it to your class.
BUILDING THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA
(03:22)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What kind of wall was it?
2. Why were such walls built?
3. What are the usual dimensions of an object?
4. Study the following words and phrases:
“dynasty”, “barbarian”, “to bake/backed”, “battlement”, “to curve”, “masterpiece”, “remains”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video-track a part by part and answer the following questions.
00:00 - 01:20
5. Which part of the Wall exactly is this video-track about?
6. What name was it given?
7. When was it built?
8. Who was it intended to protect?
9. What is it made of?
10. How thick is it at its base?
11. What is the height of its battlements?
12. What is its length?
13. What is special in its construction?
14. How do visitors feel themselves at the sight of the wall?
01:25 – 01:57
15. Fill in the gaps in the following text with the words you hear:
| But there is little doubt about the (1)__________ : “this is the frontier of our (2)__________ ; on the other side the alien world (3)__________ ”. This (4) __________ is the expression of a (5) __________ that wanted to be entirely self-sufficient. This stone (6) __________ marks the pick of war (7) __________ in China’s long (8)__________ . |
01:58– end
16. How was the whole Great Wall of China built?
17. Was there any single strategic idea in its construction?
18. What was the length of all walls that were joined together?
19. Does the joined wall still exist?
20. What is the Great Wall symbol of?
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POST-LISTENING
21. Summarize information from the track to make a small text about the Great Wall of China.
22. Make a list of arguments “for” visiting the Great Wall of China.
SECRETS OF STONEHENGE
(01:34)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What is Stonehenge?
2. Where is it situated?
3. Study the following words and phrases: “arch, “henge”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track and answer the following questions:
4. Where exactly is the place shown in the video track?
5. What year is shown?
6. Why are the Pyramids in Egypt mentioned?
7. How heavy were the rocks?
8. How many people worked on this massive project?
9. How many arches are there in the centre of the circle?
10. Do we know for sure the real aim of this construction?
POST-LISTENING
11. Would you like to visit the Stonehenge? Why?
STONEHENGE SECRETS
(02:20)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What is Stonehenge?
2. Where is it situated?
3. What could its secret be?
4. Study the following words and phrases:
“a ditch”, “to bury/ burial”, “excavation”, “a clue”, “purpose”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track a part by part and answer the following questions:
00:00 – 01:12
5. What form does the Stonehenge have?
6. When did the building begin?
7. What was it originally like at those times?
8. What was it probably constructed for?
9. When did the construction start again?
10. What is it made of?
11. How many blue stones were put there?
12. How much did each of those stones weigh?
13. How much time was it probably needed for this kind of job?
14. Why did the excavation begin?
01:13 - end
15. When did the previous excavation take place?
16. How many professors work on this project?
17. What are the dimensions of excavation?
18. What are the scientists looking for?
19. A reporter from which organization takes part in this track?
POST-LISTENING
20. Would you like to visit the Stonehenge? Why?
THE COLOSSEUM (ROME)
(01:15)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What is the COLOSSEUM?
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2. Where is it situated?
3. What was it used for in ancient times?
4. Study the following words and phrases: “forum”, “queue”, “to relocate”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track and answer the following questions:
5. What month is it?
6. What is the actual name of the COLOSSEUM?
7. When was it built?
8. Where can people buy tickets to the COLOSSEUM?
9. Which of these two ways of buying tickets is recommended and why?
10. Is the COLOSSEUM situated on its original place?
POST-LISTENING
11. What other ancient structures do you know in Italy (Europe)?
A NEW DISCOVERY IN EGYPT
(01:42)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What do you know about the Pyramids?
2. What is special about the Pyramids as one of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World?
3. Study the following words and phrases: “excavation”,“remains”, “dynasty”, “chamber”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track a part by part and answer the following questions:
00:00 – 00:16
4. What is the main news?
5. When was it built?
6. What channel does the reporter work for?
00:17 – 00:55
7. Which place exactly was it found in?
8. When was it found?
9. Where exactly is it located?
10. Which dynasty of pharaohs is mentioned in the tack?
11. What is the height of this Pyramid now?
12. What was its original height?
13. Who is given a tour around the excavation site?
14. What was the aim of the Egyptian oldest Pyramid?
00:56 – end
15. Who is being interviewed?
16. How long has the excavation lasted?
17. Who carried out this excavation?
18. How many Pyramids were rediscovered?
19. How many metres of sand have been removed?
20. When are archeologists going to enter the burial chamber?
21. What may happen to the content of the burial chamber if the archaeologists are late to enter it?
POST-LISTENING
22. Fill in the gaps in the following text using information from the tack:
| A new (1) __________ was discovered (2) __________ months ago in the (3) __________ of Cairo near the famous ancient (4) __________-Pyramid. The Pyramid was built (5) __________ years ago during the period of the (6) __________ dynasty. It had been buried in the desert and was found as the result of (7) __________ that has been held by the team of Egyptian (8) __________ for the last (9) __________ years. During the excavation (10) __________ metres of sand was removed. The Pyramid is 5m (11) __________ , but originally it was about (12) __________ metres. Now archaeologists are going to (13) __________ the chamber within (14) __________ weeks, otherwise everything can be (15) __________ by thieves. |
JOKE VAN DAELE AT PYRAMIDS
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(02:15)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What do you know about the Pyramids?
2. What is special about the Pyramids as one of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World?
3. Study the following words and phrases: “a sight”, “genius”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track and answer the following questions:
4. What channel is broadcasting?
5. How many wonders of the world were mentioned except the Pyramids? What are they?
6. Who is being interviewed?
7. What are the Pyramids symbol of, as Mr Zahi Hawass thinks?
8. Why does the woman who is being interviewed think that the Pyramids are the real Wonder of the World?
9. How many tourists visit the Pyramids?
POST-LISTENING
10. Try to persuade your partner to go on a tour to see the Pyramids.
EGYPT GREAT PYRAMIDS
(03:25)
PRE-LISTENING
1. What do you know about the Pyramids?
2. What is special about the Pyramids as one of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World?
3. Study the following words and phrases:
“pharaoh”, “survivor”, “acre”, “sarcophagus”.
WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track a part by part and answer the following questions:
00:00 – 01:26
4. Which pyramid is exactly still in existence?
5. What area does this pyramid occupy?
6. How many labourers worked on the construction?
7. How long was the pyramid built?
8. How many stones were joined together?
9. What is its height?
10. How can you get to the chambers?
01:27 - - 02:11
11. What was usually put into the stone sarcophagus?
12. Why was there a small hole in the wall of the chamber?
13. What were Egyptian pharaohs considered to be by ancient people of Egypt?
02:12 – end
14. Why are camels shown?
POST-LISTENING
15. Look through the video-tracks 6, 7 and 8 again. Are the following statements about the Pyramids true (T) or false (F):
| Pharaohs were the Gods. | T | F |
| Pharaohs’ souls stayed with the buried body forever. | T | F |
| There was nothing but a buried body of a pharaoh in a chamber. | T | F |
| The Pyramids were built as a burial ground for pharaohs. | T | F |
| It is easy to get to the chamber. | T | F |
| Camels are used by the Egyptians as a part of tourist business. | T | F |
NUMBERS
(the material of the module is taken from:“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP;
Unit 25, pg.28; Unit 26; pg.29)
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