Ответьте на вопрос : Why do you think many people who could vote in the national election don’t do it?
Контрольная работа №2.
Вариант 3
Задание 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык и определите видовременную форму глагола и его залог:
1. It’s often been said and does not seem to be true: Americans seem almost instinctively to dislike government and politicians.
2. The Constitution limits the federal government to specific power but modern judicial interpretations of the Constitution have expanded federal responsibilities.
3. Americans are seldom impressed by the government officials.
4. The judge assigned to the case and will introduce the lawyers and the people involved into the case.
5. People between the ages of 18 and 65 whose names appear on the electoral register, with certain exceptions, are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.
6. He has been sentenced to pay a fine of £ 1000.
7. He testified under oath that he had not been at the scene of the crime.
8. A defendant has the right to employ a legal advisor and may be granted legal aid from public funds.
9. By the end of this century the Government will have been taking a number of measures to strengthen the criminal justice system for twenty years.
10. The Government and Parliament encourage and will be encouraging the development of crime prevention schemes.
Задание 2. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод эквивалентов модальных глаголов:
1. In the South, voters have to register not only locally, but also at the country seat.
2. Many of the questions the judge and lawyers ask you during the trial may seem very personal to you, bud you should answer them completely and honestly.
3. Sometimes the judge will explain why you were sent out of the courtroom during the trial, but sometimes he may not be able to do so.
4. The judge instructs the jury on the laws that are to guide the jury in their deliberations on a verdict.
5. If the system is to work, freight forwarders must be able to swiftly verify who their clients are.
6. The criminal justice act 1987 provides that in complex fraud cases there should be a preparatory open Crown Court hearing at which the judge will be able to hear and settle points of law and to defend the issues to be put to the jury.
7. Is the jury returns a verdict of “not guilty”, the prosecution has no right of appeal and the defendant cannot be tried again for the same offence.
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8. A magistrates` court in England and Wales is not able to impose a term of more than six months` imprisonment for each offence tried summarily.
9. The prosecution has to inform the defense of witnesses whose evidence may help the accused.
Задание 3. Переведите на русский язык, найдите в предложении причастие 1 и причастие 2:
1. Many of the most important decisions such as those concerning education, housing taxes are made close to home.
2. It is illegal for a jury to determine the amounts decided on by each individual juror.
3. When the manager asked the man to leave, he (the man) assaulted him, knocking out a tooth.
4. In a fit of a rage Lewis, using the kitchen knife, stabbed and killed his wife.
5. When charged with murder, he was arrested.
6. Releasing the offender, the officer cautioned him not to drive too fast.
7. Being suspected of an offence, he was released on bail in the interests of the investigation.
8. When initially detained, he was released on bail.
9. Having grounds to suspect of an offence, the police must caution a person.
Задание 4. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива:
1. They states in the first ten Constitutional Amendments, know as the Bill of Rights, what they considered to be the fundamental rights of any American.
2. The Constitution has been repeatedly amended to meet the changing needs of the nation.
3. The Whig party created to subordinate the power of the Crown to that of Parliament.
4. The party convention votes to select the party’s candidate for the presidency.
5. The law presumes the accused not to be guilty until his guilt has been proven.
6. To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable.
7. He was the only one to be imposed a sentence of imprisonment.
8. The solicitor encouraged me to try to appeal again.
9. The defendant appears to have been waiting a long time.
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10. The defendant prefers to be discharged at once.
Задание 5. Прочитайте и переведите текст
Ответьте на вопрос : Why do you think many people who could vote in the national election don’t do it?
Elections
Anyone who is an American citizen, at least 18 years of age, and is registered to vote may vote. Each state has the right to determine registration procedure. A number of civic groups, such as the League of Women Voters, are actively trying to get more people involved in the electoral process and have drives to register as many people as possible. Voter registration and voting among minorities has dramatically increased during the last twenty years, especially as a result of the Civil Right Movement.
There is some concern, however, about the number of citizens who could vote in national elections but do not. In the national election of 1984, for instance, only 53.3 percent of all those who have voted actually did. But then, Americans who want to vote must register, that is put down their names in register before the actual elections take place. There are 50 different registration laws in the USA – one set for each state. In the South, voters often have to register not only locally but also at the county seat. In European countries, on the other hand, “permanent registration” of voters is more common. Of those voters in the United States who did register in the 1984 presidential elections, 73 percent cast their ballots.
Another important factor is that there are many more elections in the US at the state and local levels than there are in most countries. If the number of those who vote in this elections (deciding, for example, if they should pay more taxes so a new main street bridge can be built) were included, the percentage in fact would not be that much different from other countries.
In November of the election year (years divisible by four, e.g. 1988, 1992, 1996, etc.), the voters across the nation go to the polls. If the majority of the popular votes in a state go to the Presidential (and vice-presidential) candidate of one party, then that person is supposed to get all the state’s “electoral votes”. These electoral votes are equal to the number of Senators and Representatives each state has in Congress. The candidate with the largest number of these electoral votes wins the election. Each state’s electoral votes are formally reported by the “Electoral College”. In January of the following year, in a joint session of Congress, the new President and vice-president are officially announced.
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